Hematology Quiz | Questions and Answers (Complete Solutions)
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Course
Hematology
Institution
Hematology
Hematology Quiz | Questions and Answers (Complete Solutions) A client with cirrhosis of the liver has a prolonged prothrombin time and a low platelet count. A regular diet is prescribed. What should the nurse instruct the client to do considering the client's condition? A) Avoid foods high in phy...
A client with cirrhosis of the liver has a prolonged prothrombin time and a low platelet
count. A regular diet is prescribed. What should the nurse instruct the client to do
considering the client's condition?
A) Avoid foods high in phytonadione.
B) Check the pulse several times a day.
C) Drink a glass of milk when taking aspirin.
D) Report signs of bleeding no matter how slight.
An adolescent who has sickle cell anemia is recovering from a painful episode. What
does the nurse see as the priority issue for this adolescent?
A) Restriction of movement during periods of arthralgia
B) Separation from family during periods of hospitalization
C) Alteration in body image resulting from skeletal deformities
D) Interruption of education as a result of multiple hospitalizations
The mother of a 13-year-old child with sickle cell anemia tells the nurse that the family is
going camping by a lake this summer. She asks what activities are appropriate for her
child. Which activity should the nurse suggest?
A) Swimming in the lake
B) Soccer with the family
C) Climbing the mountain trails
D) Motorboat rides around the lake
A 13-year-old child with sickle cell anemia is experiencing a painful episode (vaso-
occlusive crisis). The nurse assesses the child, obtains the child's vital signs, and
reviews the child's laboratory test results. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Providing oxygen therapy
B) Administering an analgesic
,C) Initiating a blood transfusion
D) Monitoring intravenous fluids
(The pain experienced by the vaso-occlusive crisis is caused by sickle-shaped red
blood cells that block blood flow through tiny blood vessels to the chest, abdomen,
joints, and bones. Pain management is priority. If the client has evidence of hypoxia,
then oxygen should be administered. Although a blood transfusion may be needed to
treat the anemia and intravenous fluid reduce the viscosity of the sickled blood, it will
not immediately relieve the pain.)
An adolescent is admitted with an acute hemophilia episode. For what are rest, ice,
compression, and elevation most helpful?
A) Encouraging immobilization
B) Decreasing swelling and inflammation
C) Providing pain relief and reducing anxiety
D) Controlling bleeding and retaining joint function
(Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) therapy is implemented to support joints
and prevent bleeding into joints. Reducing inflammation is not the goal of treatment for
the hemophiliac process. Total immobilization is not required. Pain may be relieved to
some degree but is not assured.)
During a yearly physical examination a complete blood count (CBC) is performed to
determine a client's hematologic status. Which laboratory result will the nurse check?
A) Blood glucose
B) Hemoglobin (Hb)
C) C-reactive protein
D) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
(A CBC includes red blood cell (RBC) count and RBC indices, white blood cell (WBC)
count and WBC differential count, Hb, hematocrit (Hct), and platelet count. A blood
glucose level is not part of a CBC. The C-reactive protein level is not part of a CBC.
BUN is not part of a CBC.)
A client is admitted with thrombocytopenia. Which specific nursing actions are
appropriate to include in the plan of care for this client? Select all that apply.
, A) Avoid intramuscular injections
B) Institute neutropenic precautions
C) Monitor the white blood cell count
D) Administer prescribed anticoagulants
E) Examine the skin for ecchymotic areas
(Intramuscular injections should be avoided because of the increased risk of bleeding
and possible hematoma formation. Decreased platelets increase the risk of bleeding,
which leads to ecchymoses. Neutropenic precautions are for clients with decreased
white blood cells (WBCs), not platelets. Thrombocytopenia refers to decreased
platelets, not WBCs. Anticoagulants are contraindicated because of the increased
bleeding risk.)
A client is seen in the clinic with sickle cell crisis. Which hemoglobin range will the nurse
expect to find?
A) 6-8 g/100 mL (60-80 mmol/L)
B) 10-12 g/100 mL (100-120 mmol/L)
C) 12-14 g/100 mL (120-140 mmol/L)
D) 16-18 g/100 mL (160-180 mmol/L)
(In sickle cell crisis, hemoglobin values are low, usually in the 6-8 g/100 mL (60-80
mmol/L) range showing many sickle-shaped cells, and the client also will have a low
oxygen level. A level of 10-12 g/100 mL (100-120 mmol/L) is too high. A range of 12-14
g/100 mL (120-140 mmol/L) is a normal finding. 16-18 g/100 mL (160-180 mmol/L) may
be indicative of dehydration rather than anemia.)
A client is seen in the clinic with sickle cell anemia. A nurse teaches the client about
sickle cell anemia. Which information from the client indicates a correct understanding
of the condition?
A) "I have abnormal platelets."
B) "I have abnormal hemoglobin."
C) "I have abnormal hematocrit."
D) "I have abnormal white blood cells."
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