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Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 & 2 (1).
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Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 & 2 (1).
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Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 & 2Study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts - ANS-Anatomy
study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye - ANS-gross anatomy
Structures are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Structures such as cells and tissues can be viewed only with a microscope - ANS-microscopic
anatomy
Study of how the body and its parts work or function - ANS-Physiology
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism - ANS-Six levels of organization
Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support
movement. Consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints. Also provides muscle
attachment for movement - ANS-skeletal system
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression; maintains posture;
produces heat. Produces movement of bones. - ANS-muscular system
the fast-acting control system of the body; consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and
sensory receptors. Responds to internal and external stimuli with sensory receptors detect
changes and those messages are sent to the central nervous system - ANS-nervous system
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient
use (metabolism) by body cells. - ANS-endocrine system
Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The
heart pumps blood. - ANS-cardiovascular system
Composed of lymphatic vessels, tissues, nodes, tonsils, spleen, and lymph. Complements the
cardiovascular system by returning leaked fluids back to the bloodstream. Lymph nodes and
other lymphoid organs cleanse the blood. Houses white blood cells, which are involved in
immunity - ANS-lyphatic system
A system of organs, functioning in the process of gas exchange between the body and the
environment, consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, and lungs. - ANS-respiratory system
, Breaks down food into smaller molecules. Absorbs these nutrients into the body. Includes the
oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and accessory organs -
ANS-digestive system
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base
balance of the blood. Includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra - ANS-urinary
system
For males, includes the testes, scrotum, penis, accessory glands, and duct system. For females,
includes the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina. - ANS-reproductive system
maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion,
reproduction, growth - ANS-Eight necessary life functions
All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism - ANS-Metabolism
nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, appropriate atmospheric pressure -
ANS-five survival needs
The standard body position used to avoid confusion. Stand erect, feet parallel, arms hanging at
the sides with palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body - ANS-anatomical
position
toward the head or upper part of a structure or the body; above - ANS-superior (cranial or
cephalic)
away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below - ANS-Inferior
(caudal)
toward or at the front of the body; in front of - ANS-anterior (ventral)
toward or at the backside of the body; behind - ANS-posterior (dorsal)
toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of - ANS-medial
away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of - ANS-lateral
between a more medial and a more lateral structure - ANS-intermediate
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk -
ANS-proximal
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk -
ANS-distal
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