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NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers, 2024/25
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NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers-"Dependent" edema is dependent on what? - the position of the body A primary disorder of phagocytosis leads to what? - Increased chronic and acute infections Adhesions are due to what? - inflamed membranes An activated kinin system leads to wha...

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  • August 7, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers
"Dependent" edema is dependent on what?
- the position of the body

A primary disorder of phagocytosis leads to what?
- Increased chronic and acute infections

Adhesions are due to what?
- inflamed membranes

An activated kinin system leads to what?
- Bradykinin

Arachidonic and metabolites act through various pathways to stimulate what?
- vasoconstriction, vasodilation, platelet function, increased capillary permeability

Are cells able to change size or form but still function normally?
- Yes

Chronic inflammation is characterized by what?
- The infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes

Clotting contributes to what phase of inflammation?
- Vascular phase

Cold injuries has what kind of effect on blood?
- increased blood viscosity, vasoconstriction, which leads to reduced blood flow

Complete restoration of normal tissue is the goal for what?
- Acute inflammation

Complication definition:
- results of a disease that are not expected and can be prevented

Decreased cardiac output and blood pressure is an effect of what?

,- ECF volume deficit

Disruption of communication between humoral and cell-mediated responses lead to
what?
- The failure of adaptive immune response

Does the sodium / potassium pump start or stop when there is a hypoxic injury?
- Stops (will accumulate water)

ECF contains what three other components?
- Interstitial fluid (tissue fluid), Intravascular fluid (fluid within the vessels), and
transcellular fluid (around joints)

Edema is due to a disturbance in what?
- Hydrostatic or osmotic pressure

High plasma osmolarity with hypernatremia causes what?
- Water movement from the ICF to the ECF (from inside the cell to outside)

How can ischemia be reversed?
- If blood flow is restored

How does calcium help the body?
- Helps nerve function, stabilize neuro-muscular response, and helps muscles contract

How does fibrous tissue repair occur?
- By replacement of connective tissue

How does gangrene develop?
- Saprophytic bacteria grows over dead tissue

How does potassium help the body?
- Helps muscles contract, supports normal blood pressure, and maintains normal fluid
levels

How long does the acute inflammatory process last?

, - a few minutes to several days. The immune system cells move into the extravascular
tissues, which is dominated by neutrophils

How long does the chronic inflammatory process last?
- days to years, is the proliferation of blood vessels, fibrosis, and necrosis, which is
dominated by macrophages and lymphocytes

How should you treat hyponatremia?
- restrict fluid and stop medication

Hydrostatic pressure means:
- fluid is being pushed out

Hypoxic cellular injury is caused by what?
- Disorders of oxygenation (oxygen) or perfusion (blood)

If pH is high and HCO3- is high, the patient has
- metabolic alkalosis

If pH is high and PaCO2 is low, the patient has
- respiratory alkalosis

If pH is low and HCO3- is low, the patient has
- metabolic acidosis

If pH is low and PaCO2 is high, the patient has
- respiratory acidosis

Incidence definition:
- tells how quickly a disease is spreading

Is ATP slowed or sped up when there is a hypoxic injury?
- Slowed, because cells are forced to use anaerobic metabolism

Is tissue death permanent?
- Yes

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