Exam 2 Questions and Correct Answers
BIOS 252 Chamberlain University
Rostral ✅towards the forehead
Caudal ✅toward the tail or spinal cord
reticular formation ✅a nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in
controlling arousal
reticular activating system ✅Located in the upper brain stem; responsible for
maintenance of consciousness, specifically one's level of arousal.
Cerebellum function ✅the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include
processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance BALANCE
Hypothalamus function ✅A neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several
maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine
system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward.
4 regions of hypothalamus ✅mammillary, tuberal, supraoptic, preoptic
frontal lobe ✅The lobe at the front of the brain associated with movement, speech, and
impulsive behavior. (primary motor lobe)
parietal lobe ✅receives sensory input for touch and body position (primary sensory
area)
occipital lobe ✅visual cortex
insula ✅regions of cortex located at the junction of the frontal and temporal lobes
Thalamus ✅the brain's sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it
directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to
the cerebellum and medulla (RELAY STATION BY OCCIPITAL LOBE)
brain ✅gray matter on the outside, white matter on the inside
spinal cord ✅gray matter on the inside, white matter on the outside
, Dreams ✅a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping
person's mind (REM SLEEP)
Wernicke's area ✅controls language reception - a brain area involved in language
comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe. Transmits speech to
Broca's Area
Broca's area ✅Controls language expression - an area of the frontal lobe, usually in
the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
12 pair of cranial nerves ✅Attach directly to the brain and can be motor, sensory, or
both
sensory cranial nerves ✅1, 2, 8 (I,II,VII)
motor cranial nerves ✅3, 4, 6, 11, 12 (III,IV,VI,XI,XII)
oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory, hypoglossal
mixed cranial nerves ✅5, 7, 9, 10 (VVII,IX,X)
5 branches of facial nerves ✅temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
cranial nerve goes to innervate abdomen and thorax ✅visceral nerve
Divisions of the ANS ✅sympathetic and parasympathetic
sympathetic nervous system ✅the division of the autonomic nervous system that
arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations, fight or flight
parasympathetic nervous system ✅rest and digest; the division of the autonomic
nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
adrenal cortex ✅the outer portion of the adrenal glands
adrenal medulla ✅secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
Acetylcholine (ACh) ✅enables muscle action, learning, and memory
secreted by all preganglionic neurons in both divisions and by postganglionic
parasympathetic nervous system.
Norepinephrine ✅secreted by all sympathetic postganglionic neurons
Alpha ✅Excitatory
