NSG-322 Topic 2 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 322
Institution
NSG 322
Anxiety a feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread resulting from a real or perceived threat whose actual source is unknown or unrecognized
Physiological response of anxiety "associated with muscle tension and vigilance in preparation for future danger with cautious or avoidant b...
NSG-322 Topic 2 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Anxiety ✅a feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread resulting from a
real or perceived threat whose actual source is unknown or unrecognized
Physiological response of anxiety ✅"associated with muscle tension and vigilance in
preparation for future danger with cautious or avoidant behaviors" (dsm 5)
Anxiety is not normal when ✅it lasts well beyond a specific stressful event or when it
interferes with a person's day-to-day ability to function in life
Normal anxiety ✅a healthy life force that is necessary for survival, normal anxiety
motivates people to take action. For example, a potentially violent situation occurs on
the mental health unit, and the nurse moves rapidly to defuse the situation. The anxiety
experienced by the nurse during the situation helped him perform quickly and efficiently.
Acute (state) anxiety ✅this level of anxiety is precipitated by an imminent loss or
change that threatens one's sense of security. For example, the sudden death of a
loved one precipitates an acute state of anxiety.
Chronic (trait) anxiety ✅this level of anxiety is one that usually develops over time,
often starting in childhood. The adult who experiences chronic anxiety may display that
anxiety in physical symptoms, such as fatigue and frequent headaches.
- thought to be associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Fear vs anxiety ✅fear- is a reaction to a specific danger (fight or flight)
Anxiety- actual source is unknown or unrecognized (similar body response)
Contributing factors to anxiety ✅family history of anxiety-related disorders
Imbalances of serotonin, norepinephrine, and gaba
Existence of other medical or mental health challenges or diagnoses
Anxiety may be worsened by medical conditions
Cultural approach to anxiety and stress (e.g., gender, ethnicity, social, race)
Anxiety diagnosis ✅- medical causes for anxiety symptoms (differential diagnoses or
ddx) must be ruled out prior to any psychiatric diagnosis of an anxiety or anxiety-based
disorder
- •evidence must be present in the client's history, physical examination, and/or
laboratory findings for a provider to diagnose the medical condition
Pathological anxiety ✅(1) the intensity of the emotional response is out of proportion to
the threat,
, (2) the emotional response persists after the threat is resolved, and/or
(3) the emotional response becomes generalized to benign situations.
Pathological anxiety can lead to the development of anxiety disorders.
Levels of anxiety ✅mild moderate severe panic
Mild anxiety ✅normal experience of everyday living. Perceive reality is brought into
sharp focus. A person sees, hears, and grasps more information, and problem solving
becomes more effective
Physical: restlessness, mild irritability, or mild tension-relieving behaviors such as nail
biting and finger tapping
Moderate anxiety ✅perceptual field narrows, leading to selective inattention (can
attend to more if pointed out by another). The ability to think clearly is somewhat
hampered, but learning and problem solving can still take place
Physical: tension, pounding heart, increased pulse and respiration
Severe anxiety ✅perceptual field greatly reduced, overly focused on one particular
detail or may attend to superficial, scattered details. Difficulty noticing events occurring
in the environment (even when they are pointed out.) Unable to see connections
between events or details
Physical: hyperventilation and a sense of dread or impending doom, tachycardia, loud
and rapid speech, threats and demands
Panic level anxiety ✅most extreme and results in markedly disturbed behavior. Not
able to process events in the environment and may lose touch with reality.
Hallucinations, seeing people or objects that are not present. Explicit memory of the
feared stressor (freeze response)
Physical: confusion, shouting, screaming, or extreme withdrawal, may pass out
Mild to moderate anxiety nursing interventions ✅-help the patient focus and solve
problems with the use of specific active listening communication techniques.
-restricting topics of communication and introducing irrelevant topics can increase a
person's anxiety.
-remaining calm, recognizing the patient's distress, and being willing to listen are the
tasks of the nurse.
1. Identify anxiety. "you look upset."
2. Help the patient identify thoughts or feelings before the onset of anxiety. "what were
you thinking right before you started to feel anxious?"
3. Explore behaviors that have worked to relieve anxiety in the past.
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