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ATI Pharmacology Study Guide 2020
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (59)
Class: Skeletal Muscle relaxant
- TX: muscle spasms
- Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, weakness,
tiredness; headache;
Baclofen (Lioresal) sleep problems (insomnia);
nausea, constipation; or
urinating more often than usual.
- Nursing Inter: be alert for signs of hyperglycemia, confusion, drowsiness changes in
mood and behavior
Tx: HTN and HF
-Side Effects: Hyperkalemia, Gastrointestinal irritation
-Adverse Effects: increased thirst, signs of kidney problems, mental/mood changes,
muscle spasms, breast pain
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
-Precautions: Tell Dr. of slow pulse. Avoid potassium salt, drowsiness may occur, avoid
taking within 4hrs of betime
-Interactions: kidney/liver problems, high potassium/low sodium, addisons disease; \
drug interactions: lithium
Opioid Analgesic
-sedation
Fentanyl Nursing Interventions: The nurse should have the opioid reversal agent naloxone and
resuscitation equipment available in the event that the client develops manifestations of
opioid toxicity such as sedation. Requires a written consent bc its a narcotic.
Class:
Intervention: is a narcotic antagonist that combines competitively with opiate receptors
and blocks or reverses the action of narcotic analgesics. By blocking the effects of
narcotics on the central nervous system (CNS), it prevents CNS and respiratory
naloxone
depression.
side effects:
interactions:
Nursing inverventions:
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide 2020
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heparin will be continued until the warfarin reaches a therapeutic effect
class:
intervention:
Heparin
side effects:
interactions:
Nursing interventions:
contraindications: pregnancy
Warfarin -Warfarin therapy is contraindicated in the pregnant client because it crosses the
placenta and places the fetus at risk. Warfarin is a pregnancy category X medication.
Candidiasis yeast infection
should be applied topically to the area affected with candidiasis, usually four times
daily. Adults and older children can swish the nystatin suspension around in their mouth
Nystatin
for a period of time and then swallow it. Since infants and very young children cannot
follow these directions, the medication should be applied orally using a swab.
Prothrombin Time (PT) used to monitor warfarin therapy
peak: 4-14hrs
NPH insulin
duration:
tobramycin 30 mins before and after for lab values
Tx: Moderate to severe pain
Contraindications: Hypotension (SBP <100), respiratory depression, respiratory distress
Meperidine (Demerol) due to asthma/COPD, shock, bowel obstruction, patients who have taken MAOIs within
the past 2 weeks
Class: Opiod Analgesic
- effect occurs with repeated doses of a medication are given and the rate of
administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion. Due to older adults
Cumulative Effects
decreased kidney function, meperidine can quickly reach a toxic level when given over
several days, which can cause seizures.
antihistamine
tx nausea
Dimenhydrinate
It is used to treat acute attacks of Meniere's disease and vertigo, as well as to reduce
nausea and vomiting from radiation sickness.
GI effects (anorexia, n/v, abdominal pain), CNS effects (fatigue, weakness, diplopia,
blurred vision, yellow-green or white halos around objects)
-Anorexia-
-Loop diuretics such as furosemide can cause hypokalemia, which greatly increases the
Digoxin toxicity
risk of digoxin toxicity.
Tx: is used to treat heart failure, usually along with other medications. It is also used to
treat certain types of irregular heartbeat (such as chronic atrial fibrillation).
Class:
Cyclobenzaprine Muscle Relaxant
a proton pump inhibitor
- reduces gastric acid secretion and treats duodenal and gastric ulcers, prolonged
Omeprazole
dyspepsia, gastrointestinal reflux disease, and erosive esophagitis.
Interventions: long term use increases risk of fracture
Administration: Applying gentle pressure with a finger to the tragus of the ear after
Ofloxacin Otic
administration will facilitate movement of the fluid down the ear canal.
-- is an antithrombotic and antiplatelet medication; therefore, it poses a risk of serious
Clopidogrel bleeding. The nurse should monitor for signs of bleeding such as black, tarry stools and
report these findings to the provider.
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