reduction
~ Gain of electrons by an atom or molecule with a concurrant storage of energy: in
biological systems, the electrons are accompanied by hydrogen ions
ribozyme
~ RNA molecule that can catalyze chemical reactions
substrate
~ reactant in a reaction controlled by an enzyme
vitam...
✓~ region on the surface of an enzyme where the substrate binds and where the
reaction occurs
ADP
✓~ Nucleotide with two phosphate groups that can accept another phosphate group
and become ATP
allosteric site
✓~ site on an allosteric enzyme that binds an effector molecule; binding alters the
activity of the enzyme
ATP
, ✓~ nucleotide with three phosphate groups. The breakdown of ATP in ADP+P makes
energy available for energy-requiring processes in cells
ATP synthase complex
✓~ complex of proteins in the cristae of mitochondria and thylakoid membrane of
chloroplast that produces ATP as hydrogen flows down a concentration gradient
chemical energy
✓~ energy associated with the interaction of atoms in a molecule
chemiosmosis
✓~ process by which mitochondria and chloroplasts use the energy of an electron
transport chain to create a hydrogen ion gradient that drives ATP formation
coenzyme
✓~ nonprotein organic molecule that aids the action of the enzyme to which it is
loosely bound
cofactor
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TestTrackers. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.