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CCDS IBHRE REAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2024 GUARANTEED PASS CONCEPTS ALREADY GRADED A
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CCDS IBHRE REAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2024 GUARANTEED PASS CONCEPTS ALREADY GRADED A
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1|PageCCDS IBHRE REAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2024 GUARANTEED
PASS CONCEPTS ALREADY GRADED A
Rheobase - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>the lowest point on a strength
duration curve at an infinitely long pulse duration
Chronaxie time - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>the pulse width at twice the
rheobase value. It approximates the most efficient stimulation pulse
duration
Charge (formula) - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Charge= I(current) x T(time)
Furman's formula - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Energy(microjoules)=
I(current)xV(voltage)xT(pulse width)
Ohms law formula - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Voltage(electromotive
force)= I(current/flow of electrons) x R(resistance to current flow in
ohms)
Functional Refractory Period - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>the coupling
interval which first results in a measurable degree of delay in impulse
conduction
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Effective Refractory Period - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>the longest
coupling interval to be associated with block
Devices with NO interaction with pacers - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1.
microwave oven, 2. CT scan/Ultrasound 3. X-rays (diagnostic)
Devices that cause transient or 1 beat inhibition - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>>1. EAS 2. Cellphones 3. Arc Welding 4. airport metal detector 5.
TENS 6. Electric appliances such as electric blanket & power tools
Devices that may damage the pacemaker - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1.
MRI 2. Defibrillator 3. Cardioversion 4. Cautery/RF Ablation 5. Radiation
Therapy
Resistance in Series - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Series means the
beginning of one resistance is connected to another
Sum the resistances: R1+R2= total resistance. EX: A LEAD FRACTURE
(fractures INCREASE impedance)
Resistance in Parallel - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Parallel means all the
resistances are connected to the same point.
(R1xR2)/(R1+R2)= total resistance
EX: LEAD INSULATION DEFECTS (insulation defects DECREASE
impedance)
Permanent pacemakers are constant voltage or constant current? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>>ALL permanent pacemakers are constant
voltage devices.
,3|Page
SOME temp pacemakers are constant voltage, most are constant
current.
LOAD - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Load refers to impedance (or
resistance) applied to a circuit.
A system with a SMALL load (low impedance) applied to the circuit is
said to be a constant current device
A system with LARGE load is said to be a constant voltage device
Guidelines for Permanent Pacing - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. Patient is
symptomatic
2. The heart rate is less than 40 bpm
3. Asystole of greater than 3 seconds is documented
NOTE: Pt may be asymptomatic with 2 or 3
Slew Rate - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Slew rate = peak slope of an
electrogram
slew rate= change in voltage/ change in time
Normal slew rate in atrium - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>>.3 V/s
Normal slew rate in ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>>.5V/s
Steroid used in electrodes - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>dexamethasone
sodium phosphate in the silicone core(a corticosteriod)
Steroid-Eluting Electrodes - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. The acute
threshold is relatively flat compared to non-steroid electrodes
2. The initial capture threshold is similar to non-steroid leads
, 4|Page
Silicone Rubber lead insulation Pros - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. Can
easily be repaired
2. Flexible
3. Proven performance history
4. Easy to make
Silicone Rubber lead insulation cons - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. high
friction coefficient
2. Absorbs lipids
3. More thrombogenic and fibrotic
4. Cuts easily
5. Tears easily if suture tied too tightly
6. Large diameter
Polyurethane 80A - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>BAD
Polyurethane 55D - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>GOOD
polyurethane lead insulation pros - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. relatively
nonthrombogenic/fibrotic
2. thin walls
3. high tear friction
4. resists cutting
5. low friction coefficient
polyurethane lead insulation cons - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. cannot
be repaired
2. relatively stiff
3. hard to make
Pacemaker Syndrome Causes - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1. Loss of AV
synchrony
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