Exam (elaborations)
A&P II: Cardiovascular System Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
- Course
- Cardiovascular system
- Institution
- Johns Hopkins University
A&P II: Cardiovascular System Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
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A&P II: Cardiovascular System Detailed Questionsand Expert Answers
Functions of Cardiovascular System - ANS 1) Generate blood pressure to propel
blood through circulatory system
2) Separate pulmonary circulation from systemic circulation (all the body's organs)
3) Altars rate (speed) or force of contraction to match our metabolic needs
Pericardial Sac - ANS Double layered, closed sac surrounding the heart
Layers of Pericardial Sac - ANS 1) Fibrous Pericardium
2) Serous Pericardium
a) Parietal Pericardium
b) Visceral Pericardium
Fibrous pericardium
(structure & function) - ANS Structure: Fibrous connective tissue
Function: Prevents overflowing and anchors heart in mediastinum
Serous Pericardium
(structure & function- by layer) - ANS Structure: Simple Squamos epithelial tissue
Function:
,a)Parietal Pericardium- lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium
b) Covers the surface of the heart
Layers of Heart Wall (superficial to deep) - ANS 1. Epicardium
2. Myocardium
3. Endocardium
Epicardium - ANS Smooth, other surface of heart in heart wall
Myocardium - ANS thick middle muscular layer (of heart wall)
Endocardium - ANS The inner surface of heart chambers: composed of endothelial
cells
Atria - ANS Receiving Chamber
Two Features of Atria - ANS 1. Auricle
2. Fossa Ovalis
Auricle - ANS Structure on superior surface of atria that slightly increases atrial
filling- "wing"
Fossa Ovalis - ANS Depression in adult interatrial septum
, * The foramen ovalis is remnant of fossa ovalis in embryo. (hole in inter-atrial
septum)
Atrial Septum Defect - ANS Foramen Ovalis doesn't form fossa ovalis
*congenital
*25% of babies
The Right Atrium is composed of ________muscle and therefore can hold
________ pressure. It receives _____ blood from __________. - ANS 1. Pectinate
Muscle.
2. More
3. Deoxygenated blood
4. Three veins: Superior Vena Cava, Inferior Vena Cava, Coronary Sinus
Three veins that supplies blood to Right Atrium - ANS Superior Vena Cava, Inferior
Vena Cava, Coronary Sinus
Left Atrium receives ________ blood from four __________ - ANS 1.
Deoxygenated blood
2. Pulmonary Veins
Ventricles - ANS Distributing Chamber
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