The therapeutic serum range of carbamazepine is
~ 5 to 12 mcg/mL
What should be monitored closely when a patient is taking a valproate?
~ liver enzymes
Seizures associated with fever usually occur in children between the ages of`
~ 3 to 5 years
For high risk patients, what prophylactic ...
✓~ a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease; a lack of nerve impulses and
muscle responses at the myoneural junction, causes fatigue and muscular weakness of
the respiratory system, facial muscles, and extremities
Because of cranial nerve involvement, what often occurs with Myasthenia
gravic?
✓~ ptosis (drooping eyelid) and difficulty chewing and swallowing
The symptoms of MG are caused by:
✓~ inadequate secretion of acetylcholine (ACh) or a loss of ACh because of an
increase in the enzyme acetylcholinesterase
Multpile sclerosis is
, ✓~ an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that attacks the myelin sheath of nerve
fibers in the brain and spinal cord, causing lesions known as plaques
Muscle spasms have various causes including
✓~ injury or motor neuron disorders that lead to conditions such as cerebral palsy,
MS, spinal cord injuries, cerebral vascular accident, or hemiplegia
Spasticity of muscles can be reduced with the use of
✓~ skeletal muscle relaxants
MG is not a genetic disorder, but
✓~ there can be familial tendency
MG results from
✓~ lack of ACh at receptor sites because the body's immune system has an antibody
response against an alpha subunit of the ACh receptor sites, meaning antibodies attack
the sites making it to where ACh cannot bind to the site
AChR means
, ✓~ acetylcholine receptor
What happens when ACh cannot bind to the muscle receptor sites?
✓~ ineffective muscle contraction and muscle weakness
About 90% of clients with MG have _____ that can be detected through serum
testing
✓~ anti-acetylcholine antibodies
The thymus gland is involved in systemic immunity that is active during infancy
and early childhood, but it normally
✓~ shrinks during adulthood
Approximately 60% of MG clients have
✓~ thymic hyperplasia
Myasthenia gravis is characterized primiarily by
, ✓~ weakness and fatigue of the skeletal muscles
Early symptoms of MG are
✓~ ptosis (drooping eyelid) and diplopia (double vision)
The group of drugs used to control MG is
✓~ AChE inhibitors
AChE inhibitors inhibit the action of
✓~ cholinesterase
What may occur when muscular weakness of a client with MG becomes
generalized?
✓~ myasthenia crisis
What can relieve myasthenia crisis?
✓~ Neostigmine (a fast -acting AChE inhibitor)
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