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ENP GI Assessment Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Updated 2024
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ENP GI Assessment Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Updated 2024
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ENP GI Assessment Questions AndAnswers With Verified Solutions Latest
Updated 2024
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diarrhea with
dehydration. The nurse recognizes that increased peristalsis resulting in diarrhea
can be related to
a. sympathetic inhibition.
b. mixing and propulsion.
c. sympathetic stimulation.
d. parasympathetic stimulation. - ANSWER✔✔ Correct answer: d
Rationale: Peristalsis is increased by parasympathetic stimulation.
A client has just had surgery for colon cancer. Which of the following disorders
might the client develop?
a. Peritonitis
b. Diverticulosis
c. Partial bowel obstruction
d. Complete bowel obstruction - ANSWER✔✔ a. Peritonitis
Bowel spillage could occur during surgery, resulting in peritonitis. Complete or
partial bowel obstruction may occur before bowel resection. Diverticulosis
doesn't result from surgery or colon cancer.
,Which of the following diagnostic tests should be performed annually over age 50
to screen for colon cancer?
a. Abdominal CT scan
b. Abdominal x-ray
c. Colonoscopy
d. Fecal occult blood test - ANSWER✔✔ d. Fecal occult blood test
Surface blood vessels of polyps and cancers are fragile and often bleed with the
passage of stools.
Abdominal x-ray and CT scan can help establish tumor size and metastasis.
A colonoscopy can help locate a tumor as well as polyps, which can be removed
before they become malignant.
A patient has an elevated blood level of indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin. One
cause of this finding is that
a. the gallbladder is unable to contract to release stored bile.
b. bilirubin is not being conjugated and excreted into the bile by the liver.
c. the Kupffer cells in the liver are unable to remove bilirubin from the blood.
d. there is an obstruction in the biliary tract preventing flow of bile into the small
intestine. - ANSWER✔✔ Correct answer: b
Rationale: Bilirubin is a pigment derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin and
is insoluble in water. Bilirubin is bound to albumin for transport to the liver and is
,referred to as unconjugated. An indirect bilirubin determination is a
measurement of unconjugated bilirubin, and the level may be elevated in
hepatocellular and hemolytic conditions.
As gastric contents move into the small intestine, the bowel is normally protected
from the acidity of gastric contents by the
a. inhibition of secretin release.
b. release of bicarbonate by the pancreas.
c. release of pancreatic digestive enzymes.
d. release of gastrin by the duodenal mucosa. - ANSWER✔✔ Correct answer: b
Rationale: The hormone secretin stimulates the pancreas to secrete fluid with a
high concentration of bicarbonate. This alkaline secretion enters the duodenum
and neutralizes acid in the chyme.
A patient is jaundiced and her stools are clay colored (gray). This is most likely
related to
a. decreased bile flow into the intestine.
b. increase production of urobilinogen.
c. increased production of cholecystokinin.
d. increased bile and bilirubin in the blood. - ANSWER✔✔ Correct answer: a
Rationale: Bile is produced by the hepatocytes and is stored and concentrated in
the gallbladder. When bile is released from the common bile duct, it enters the
duodenum. In the intestines, bilirubin is reduced to stercobilinogen and
urobilinogen by bacterial action. Stercobilinogen accounts for the brown color of
stool. Stools may be clay-colored if bile is not released from the common bile duct
, into the duodenum. Jaundice may result if the bilirubin level in the blood is
elevated.
An 80-year-old man states that, although be adds a lot of salt to his food, it still
does not have much taste. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that
the older adult
a. should not experience changes in taste.
b. has a loss of taste buds, especially for sweet and salty.
c. has some loss of taste but no difficulty chewing food.
d. loses the sense of taste because the ability to smell is decreased. - ANSWER✔✔
Correct answer: b
Rationale: Older adults have decreased numbers of taste buds and a decreased
sense of smell. These age-related changes diminish the sense of taste (especially
of salty and sweet substances).
When the nurse is assessing the health perception-health maintenance pattern as
related to GI function, an appropriate question to ask is
a. "What is your usual bowel elimination pattern?"
b. "What percentage of your income is spent on food?"
c. "Have you traveled to a foreign country in the last year?"
d. "Do you have diarrhea when you are under a lot of stress?" - ANSWER✔✔
Correct answer: c
Rationale: When assessing gastrointestinal function in relation to the health
perception-health management pattern, the nurse should ask the patient about
recent foreign travel with possible exposure to hepatitis, parasitic infestation, or
bacterial infection.
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