NUR 676 Exam III Questions
And Answers
What are complications of dog bites?
✓~ crush injuries, destructive soft tissue injuries, neurovascular and orthopedic
injuries, and death.
Dog bites commonly affect
✓~ the extremities, children and young adults, and animals who are provoked.
Cat bites commonly affect
✓~ the hand and forearm in older women
Why is the infection rate of cat bites higher than dogs?
✓~ cat bites include a deeper puncture from the cats sharp teeth
What are the risk factors for bite wound infections?
,✓~ age older than 50 years, advanced liver disease, alcoholism, DM, location of
bite on the hand or foot, failure to irrigate or debride wound during initial
management, treatment delay of more than 12 hours, edema at the bite site,
and peripheral vascular disease
What are the most common pathogens that cause animal bite infections?
✓~ Aerobic: Pasturella multocida, streptococci, staphylococci, and
Coryneubacterium species.
anaerobic: bacteriodes, actinomyces, porphyromonas, and fusobacterium.
What rare bacterium in a dogs mouth can cause sepsis?
✓~ Capnocytophagia Canomoruses
What is often present and transmitted during human bite?
✓~ Eikinella Corroderes
why should you be concerned about E corredens?
✓~ it can be resistant to empirically chosen antibiotics and produce beta
lactamases.
,What needs to be included in history about bite injury?
✓~ the location and time of the bite, species and behavior of animal, rabies
vaccine of animal, and provoktion status.
what needs to be included in documentation for bite?
✓~ location, extent, depth of wound, type of wound (puncture, scratch, tear,
avulsion), tenderness and other signs of infection (fever, erythema, edema,
warmth, streaking, flcutuation, adenopathy, and purulent discharge), testing
for tendon lacerations, joints and nerves, and signs of compartment syndrome
(pain, paresthesia, pallor, paralysis)
what diagnostics should you order for infected wounds?
✓~ CBC, ESR , CRP aerobic and anaerobic wound cultures, blood cultures if
febrile
what diagnostics should you order for deep and complex wounds?
✓~ xray studies
what diagnostics should you order for human bites
, ✓~ HIV, hep B, Hep C and titer
What are CRP and ESR used for?
✓~ to monitor response to treatment
what is the first step of treatment after assessing for life threatening injuries
in bites?
✓~ irrigate the wound with 150 ml sterile saline solution, remove any foregin
bodies or clots,
when do wounds develop signs of infection?
✓~ 24-72 hours after the bite
what is significant about management of bites to the face?
✓~ extensive irrigation, cautious debridement, preemptive antibiotics, primary
closure, referral to ED or plastics
What wounds should be left open?
