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HMX Immunology Practice; Questions & Answers 100% Correct

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HMX Immunology Practice; Questions & Answers 100% Correct Which cells are tissue resident sentinel cells Answer-mast cell, macrophage, dendritic cell Which 2 cells are circulating blood cells that will enter tissue in response to inflammation? Answer-Neutrophils, Monocytes Mast cell Answer-...

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  • August 8, 2024
  • 13
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • HMX
  • HMX

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HMX Immunology Practice; Questions &
Answers 100% Correct
Which cells are tissue resident sentinel cells Answer-mast cell, macrophage, dendritic cell




Which 2 cells are circulating blood cells that will enter tissue in response to inflammation?
Answer-Neutrophils, Monocytes




Mast cell Answer-Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine) that promote
inflammation.




Neutrophil Answer-Most abundant leukocyte, increase due to bacterial infection, burns,
and stress. Phagocyte that rapidly dies after ingesting microbe.




Macrophages Answer-Phagocyte that cleans up apoptotic cells.




When a monocyte moves into the tissues, it changes rapidly and becomes a _____________
Answer-macrophage




Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a genetic defect that leads to recurrent infections in the
tissue and severe problems with wound healing. LAD patients also develop severe gingivitis
(infections and inflammation of the gums). In LAD, leukocyte migration into tissues is severely
impaired. All of these problems can be traced back to a genetic defect. Of the genetic defects
listed below, which is the most likely cause of LAD? Answer-A mutation that introduces a
stop codon into a gene that encodes part of the LFA-1 molecule (leading to a truncated protein).

, HMX Immunology Practice; Questions &
Answers 100% Correct
Toll-like receptors for bacterial PAMPs are found on/in the_________________ Answer-
cell membrane



There are a few different proteins that act as inhibitors of NF-kB. There is a very rare genetic
disease in which one of these proteins, IkBa, is mutated. The mutation substantially alters the
stability of the IkBa protein. In patients with this disease, IkBa protein expression does not
change in response to stimuli that cause IkBa degradation in healthy individuals. Consider the
biological role of NF-kB inhibitors. What are the most likely symptoms of this genetic defect?
Answer-Immunodeficiency with a susceptibility to bacterial infections.




The complement pathway initiated by host proteins that bind to microbial sugars is called the
______________________ pathway. Answer-lectin pathway




SSRNA (single-stranded RNA) and dsDNA (double-stranded DNA) are present in mammalian
cells. Why don't our plasmacytoid dendritic cells activate an innate immune response against
these self nucleic acids that are necessary for normal cellular function? Answer-The TLRs
that recognize SSRNA and dsDNA are sequestered in endosomes.




How can the antiviral state be propagated in the absence of immune cells? Answer-Type I
IFs are produced by infected epithelial cells; this induces antiviral biochemical changes in the
same cell and adjacent cells.

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