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MCAT Biology Practice Questions With Complete Solutions.
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MCAT Biology Practice Questions WithComplete Solutions
the nnchemical nnreaction nnthat nnbreaks nndown nnall nnthe nnmajor nnmacro-molecules nn- nnANSWER: nn✔
nnHydrolysis
What nnis nnthe nnstrongest nntype nnof nnINTER-molecular nnbonds? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnHydrogen nnbonds nnare
nnthe nnstrongest nnintermolecular nnbonds....
diople-dipole nnbonds nnare nnweaker. nn. nn. nnVander nnwall nnbonds nnare nnthe nnweakest.
Why nnis nnwater nna nnliquid nnat nnhigh nntemperatures? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnHydrogen nnbonding nnbonds nnthe
nnwater nnmolocules nncloser nntogether.
What nnis nnan nnampipathic nnmolecule? nngive nnan nnExample. nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnA nnmolecule nnwith nnboth
nnhydrophobic nnand nnhydrophilic nnregions.
Example: nnPhoshpoLipid nn(Phospho=philic,lipid= nnphobic)
What nnis nna nnlipid? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnA nnlipid nnis nna nnbiological nnmolecule nnwith nnlow nnsolubility nnin nnwater. nn
Lipid nnmeans nnfat. nnLiposuction nnis nnfat nnremoval. nn
Peptides nnare nnNOT nnlipids.
What nnare nnthe nn6 nnmajor nngroups nnof nnlipids? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nn1) nnfatty nnacids... nn
the nnnext nn3 nnhave nna nn3 nncarbon nnback nnbone:
2) nnTri-glyceride nn
3) nnPhospholipids nn
4) nnGlycolipids
5) nnSteroids
6) nnTerpenes nn- nnA nnlarge nnclass nnof nnorganic nncompounds. nnexamples: nnsmelly nnpine nnoils, nnbeer nnhops
nnaroma nnand nnvitamin nnA.
,What nnis nnthe nnstructure nnof nna nnTri-glyceride? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nntriglicerides nnare nnesters. nnComposed
nnfrom nn3 nncarbon nnglycerol nnbackbone nnand nn3 nnfatty nnacid nnchains nndangling. nnEach nncarbon nnchain nnis
nnattached nnby nnan nnester nnbond.
What nnhappens nnif nnyou nnadd nnwater nnto nnan nnester nngroup nnin nna nnTri-glyceride? nnHow nnis nnthis nnreaction
nnrate nnincreased? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnWater nncleaves nnthe nnester nnbond nninto nnan nnalcohol nnand nna
nncarboxylic/ nnfatty nnacid. nnLIPASES nnspeed nnare nnthe nnenzyme nnthat nnspeed nnthis nnreaction.
in nnterms nnof nnwater nnsolubility, nnWhat nnis nnimportant nnto nnknow nnabout nnthe nnlonger nnthe nncarbon nnchain
nnin nna nnTri-glyceride nnwhen nnbroken nndown? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnlonger nncarbon nnchains nnare nnless nnwater
nnsoluble.
In nnlonger nnchains nnthe nnpolar nncarboxylic nnacid nnare nnless nnsignificant.
How nnsoluble nnis nna nnShorter nnchain nnfatty nnacids? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnShorter nnchain nnfatty nnacids nnare
nnslightly nnwater nnsoluble.
explain nnwhat nnis nnso nnspecial nnabout nnSaturated nnFatty nnAcids........Also, nnexplain nnthe nnmelting nnpoint. nn-
nnANSWER: nn✔ nnsaturated nnfatty nnacids nnhave nnonly nnsingle, nnalkane nnbonds nnalong nnthe nncarbon nnchain.
nnThey nnhave nna nnstraighter nnchain nnand nnhave nnmore nnvan nnder nnwall nnforces, nnand nntherefor nna nnhigher
nnmelting nnpoint.
explain nnwhat nnis nnso nnspecial nnabout nnUnsaturated nnFatty nnAcid.... nnAlso, nnexplain nnthe nnmelting nnpoint. nn-
nnANSWER: nn✔ nnUnsaturated nnfatty nnacids nnhave nnat nnleast nnone nndouble nnbond. nnThey nnare nnnot nnsaturated
nnwith nnHydrogen. nnthey nnhave nna nnLOWER nnmelting nnpoint.
At nnroom nntemperatures nnunsaturated nnfatty nnacids nnmay nnbe nnoily, nnlike nnHealthy nnpeanut nnbutter.
explain nnthe nnphospho-lipids nnstructure. nnWhere nnare nnphoshpo nnlipids nncommon? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔
nnPhospholipids nnare nnalso nnbuilt nnon nna nn3 nnCarbon nnbackbone. nn
One nnof nnthe nncarbon nnhas nna nnPhosphate nnPO4 nngroup. nnthe nnother nn2 nncarbons nnhave nncarbon nnchains
nnattached nnby nna nnester nnbond.
This nnis nnthe nnlollypop nnof nnthe nncell nnmembrane. nnEsters nnhave nn2 nnoxygens.
,What nnregions nnare nnpoplar nnnonpolar nnin nna nnmembrane? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nn1)the nnphosphates nnare nnPolar,
nnwater nnlovin, nnhydro nnphilic nnregions nnthat nnface nnthe nnoutside.
2) nnNonpolar, nnhydro nnphobic nncarbon nnchain nnregions nnface nnthe nninside.
Explain nnglycolipids nnstructure. nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnglycolipids nnhave nn3 nncarbon nnbackbone nnwith
2 nnCarbon nnchains nnattached nnby nnan nnester nngroup.
THe nnthird nncarbon nnhas nna nncarbohydrate
What nndo nnsteroids nnlook nnlike? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnSlightly nnamphipathic nn4 nnring nnstructures
lipids nnare nninsoluble. nnSo nnhow nndo nnthey nnmove nnthrough nnthe nnblood? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnThey nnare
nnusually nncarried nnby nnlipoproteins, nnlike nnHDL nnor nnLDL.
What nnare nnthe nnmajor nnclasses nnof nnlipoproteins? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nn1) nnChylomicrons nnwhich nnare nnthe
nnlargest nn
2) nnVLDLs nnthese nnare nnlow nndenstiy, nnbut nnlarge.
3) nnLDLs
4) nnHDLs. nnthese nnhigh nndensity nnlipids nnare nnthe nnsmallest, nnand nncalled nngood nnproteins.
What nnare nnproteins nnmade nnup nnof? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnone nnor nnmore nnchains nnof nnamino nnacids, nnperhaps
nnin nna nncrazy nnass nnarrangement.
describe nnamino nnacid nnstructure. nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnAmino nnacids nnhave nn4 nnparts nnattached nnto nnthe nnalpha
nncarbon.
1. nnthe nnamino nngroup, nnwhich nnis nnNH2
2. nnthe nnR nngroup, nnwhich nnis nnone nnof nn20 nnchoices
3. nnthe nnCarboxylic nnacid nnor nnC nnO nnO
the nnlast nnthing nnattached nnto nnthe nnCarbon nnis nnthe nnHydrogen.
What nnare nnthe nnbasic nnamino nnacids? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnHal
, Histidine
Arginine
Lysine
What nnare nnthe nnacidic nnamino nnacids? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnAspartic nnacid nnand nnGlutamic nnacid
What nnare nnthe nnnonpolar nnamino nnacids? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnPoor nnLTMG nnIs nnVenezuelan nnAt nnParties
1) nnPhenylalanine
2) nnLeucine
3) nnTryptophan
4) nnMethionine
5) nnGlycine
6) nnIsoleucine
7) nnValine
8) nnAlanine
9) nnProline
What nnis nnthe nnprimary nnstructure nnof nna nnprotein? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnSequence nnof nnamino nnacids nnand nn
Location nnof nndisulfide nnbonds nnbetween nncistine nnresidues
What nnis nnthe nnsecondary nnstructure nnof nna nnprotein? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nn1) nnTwisting nnof nnthe nnalpha nnhelix
2) nnBeta nnsheets
What nnis nnthe nntertiary nnstructure nnof nna nnprotein? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nn3D nnstructure nnincluding nnbending
What nnis nnthe nnquaternary nnstructure nnof nna nnprotein? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nnMultiple nnproteins nnin nnformation
What nnare nnthe nnfive nnforces nnthat nncreate nntertiary nnstructure? nn- nnANSWER: nn✔ nn1) nnCovalent
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