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Abdsm D1 Anatomy: Sleep Apnea Questions And Answers 100% Correct!!!
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Abdsm D1 Anatomy: Sleep Apnea Questions And Answers 100% Correct!!!
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Abdsm D1 Anatomy: Sleep ApneaQuestions And Answers 100% Correct!!!
4 stages of sleep - ANSWER✔✔ 1. *NREM 1*: 5-10 min; transition between
wakefulness/sleep
2. *NREM 2* 20 min; body temp. drops, heart rate slows, *Important for
learning*
3. *NREM 3*: muscles relax, BP & breathing drop, deepest sleep occurs
4. *REM Sleep*: brain more active, dreams occur *dreaming/learning phase*
Sleep apnea - ANSWER✔✔ a period of time during which Breathing
stops/markedly reduced
- occurs when a person stops breathing for *10s or more*
- Children apnea: if obstruction occurs with 2 or more consecutive breaths - the
event can be called apnea/hypopnea, even if it lasts less than 10 s
Sleep apnea cont. - ANSWER✔✔ - Apnea usually occurs *during sleep*
- inadequate breathing/ poor O2 levels
- person comes in/out of deep sleep
Measuring Apnea - ANSWER✔✔ - Usually measured during sleep
- *Apnea Index*
Apnea Index (AI) - ANSWER✔✔ # of apneas episodes divided by # of hours of
sleep
(*#AE/hours*)
, - *greater the AI, the more severe the apnea*
Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) - ANSWER✔✔ - AI = 15 episodes/hour
- 1 apnea *every 4 min*
In patients with serious preconditions - ANSWER✔✔ - stroke, insomnia
- AHI of at least 5 episodes/hour
Affects of sleep apnea - ANSWER✔✔ - feeling unrefreshed
- memory loss
- morning headaches
- irritability
- depression
- decreased sex drive
- impaired concentration
Usually bed partner who first notices person is struggling to breathe
When you have an episode of sleep apnea/stop breathing..... - ANSWER✔✔ -
*balance of oxygen & carbon dioxide in blood is upset*
- imbalance stimulates brain to *restart breathing process*
- Muscles of tongue & throat regain some tone, contract to increase size of airway
- then, carbon dioxide can escape, and oxygen can enter the airway.
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