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NR228 Final Exam – Questions & Accurate Solutions
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NR228 Final Exam – Questions & Accurate SolutionsNutrients Right Ans - -substances in foods required by the body for energy,
growth, maintenance, and repair
Nutrient Categories
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids (Fats)
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Dimensions of Health Right Ans - 1. Physical Health
2. Social Health
3. Intellectual Health
4. Emotional Health
5. Spiritual Health
6. Environmental Health
Physical Health Right Ans - -efficiency of the body to function
appropriately, to maintain immunity to disease, and to meet daily energy
-depends on the amount of nutrients available to the body
-body is composed of nutrients in various combinations and their distribution
is highly individualized to meet the physical health needs individual
Intellectual Health Right Ans - -use of intellectual abilities to learn and to
adapt to changes in one's
-Nutritional imbalances can affect intellectual health, as occurs with iron-
deficiency anemia(lack of iron-rich food consumption, especially in children,
could lead to possible learning difficulties)
Emotional Health Right Ans - -capacity to easily express or suppress
emotions appropriately
-Poor eating habits during times of stress may include overeating or under-
eating the appropriate amounts of food
-These eating habits can lead to fluctuations in blood glucose levels
,Social Health Right Ans - -ability to interact with people in an acceptable
manner and sustain relationships with family members, friends, and
colleagues
-Nutritional status is sometimes affected by the quality of a person's
relationships with family and friends
-do you enjoy eating with others
-do you restrict certain foods based on who is present
-are you unable to eat in certain social situations
Spiritual Health Right Ans - -cultural beliefs that give purpose to human
existence, found through faith in the teachings of organized religions, in an
understanding of nature or science, or in an acceptance of the humanistic view
of life
Several religions forbid the consumption of specific foods
Environmental Health Right Ans - -external factors that affect a person's
health and well-being
-physical environment within which one lives and works
-as affected by determinants of ethnicity, education, income, and occupation
-extending to the larger environment of safeguarding natural resources to
reduce exposure to preventable hazards
Primary prevention Right Ans - nutritional strategies to prevent the initial
development of a disease, illness, or disorder
Secondary prevention Right Ans - involving early detection to stop or
reduce the effects of a disease, illness, or disorder
Tertiary prevention Right Ans - nutritional support and educational
guidance after a disease, illness, or disorder develops
Healthy People 2030: General Right Ans - -Increase vegetable consumption
by people aged 2 years and older
-Increase consumption of dark green vegetables, red and orange vegetables,
and beans and peas by people aged 2 years and over
-Increase whole grain consumption by people aged 2 years and over
-Reduce consumption of added sugars by people aged 2 years and over
-Reduce iron deficiency in children aged 1 to 2 years
,-Increase the proportion of schools that don't sell less healthy foods and
drinks
-Reduce household food insecurity and hunger
-Reduce consumption of sodium by people aged 2 years and over
-Increase vitamin D consumption by people aged 2 years and over
-Eliminate very low food security in children
-Increase fruit consumption by people aged 2 years and over
-Reduce consumption of saturated fat by people aged 2 years and over
-Increase calcium consumption by people aged 2 years and over
-Increase potassium consumption by people aged 2 years and over
Healthy People 2030: Adolescents and Infants Right Ans - -Increase the
proportion of students participating in the School Breakfast Program
-Increase the proportion of eligible students participating in the Summer Food
Service Program
-Increase the proportion of infants who are breastfed exclusively through age
6 months
-Increase the proportion of infants who are breastfed at 1 year
Healthy People 2030: Diabetes, Heart Disease and Stroke Right Ans - -
Increase the proportion of eligible people completing CDC-recognized type 2
diabetes prevention programs
-Reduce the proportion of adults with high blood pressure
-Reduce cholesterol in adults
Healthy People 2030 objectives include: Obesity Right Ans - -Reduce the
proportion of adults with obesity.
-Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents with obesity.
-Reduce the proportion of adults who don't know they have prediabetes.
-Increase the proportion of eligible people completing CDC-recognized type 2
diabetes prevention programs.
-Increase the proportion of healthcare visits by adults with obesity, which
includes counseling on weight loss, nutrition, or physical activity.
-Reduce consumption of added sugars by people aged 2 years and over.
-Increase the proportion of women who had a healthy weight before
pregnancy.
Recommended dietary allowance (RDA) Right Ans - the recommended
amount needed to meet basic physiological needs, based on research
, Food Fortification Right Ans - -when minerals are added with food to help
supplement an adequate intake of the essential minerals
-cereal(zinc and iron)
-milk(vitamin D, vitamin A, and calcium)
-flour(folate and iron)
-rice
-salt(iodine)
Forms of digestion Right Ans - Chemical digestion occurs when enzymes
begin to break down food.
Mechanical digestion occurs when food is torn and macerated by teeth
Role of the stomach in digestion Right Ans - -Mechanical and chemical
digestion occurs in all parts of the stomach
-Parietal glands secrete Hydrochloric acid (HCl) to further break down the
bolus into chyme
-HCl lowers the stomach pH, which aids in nutrient absorption
-vagus nerve is responsible for gastric peristalsis and the opening of the
pyloric sphincter
-vagus nerve controls how long the bolus is held in the stomach before it
passes into the small intestine as chyme
-type of food that is digested will affect the vagus nerve response time
-high-fat foods are held in the stomach longer
-It takes approximately 5 hours for food to move through the stomach into the
small intestine
Role of Digestive Organs in digestion Right Ans - -pancreas and liver both
produce bile and enzymes needed to further break the food down into
individual components
-gallbladder stores the bile produced by the liver to offer a larger amount of
bile all at once to help with digesting fats
-Both the pancreatic enzymes and the bile are expressed through the same
duct into the duodenum
Role of Small Intestine in digestion Right Ans - -Once chyme enters the
small intestine, the pancreas and liver will release enzymes to further assist
with digestion
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