-1.0 to -2.5 indicate low bone mass, which is osteopenia
-1.0 and higher indicate normal bone mass - ✔✔T-Scores
-may be the first sign of an inflammatory, infectious, or immune disorder
-warrants a report to the physician
-not necessary to stop PT immediately - ✔✔what is the correct response when
noticing a change in patient's skin and nails beds?
0.5 inch - ✔✔door threshold for wheelchair
1 foot length for every inch of rise - ✔✔ramp for wheelchair accessibility
1.2 to 2 inches - ✔✔normal excursion of diaphragm
30 degrees extension - ✔✔which wrist position allows max grip strength?
4,500-11,000/mm3 - ✔✔normal white blood cell count
a key external rotator - examined by means of MMT and lateral rotation lag sign -
✔✔infraspinatus
a physician's order for a doppler study indicates possible DVT, so PT should be
withheld until results are analyzed by a physician - ✔✔Doppler study
a right thoracic rib hump is associated with a right thoracic rotoscoliosis - ✔✔rib hump
,ABI greater than 1 - artery cannot be fully compressed for valid measurement of
arterial pressure at the ankle - mostly found in patients with diabetes - ✔✔arterial
calcification of leg
aerobic exercise to optimize efficiency of oxygen transport and maintain
cardiopulmonary function - ✔✔most important exercise for ankylosing spondylitis
affixes to the sole of the shoe proximal to the metatarsal heads to reduce the distance
the patient travels during stance phase - shifts the load from the metatarsophalengeal
joints to the metatarsal shaft - ✔✔rocker bar
alginate - provides both hemostasis and is appropriate for infection - ✔✔best dressing
for infected wound & hemostasis
allows space for hammer toe and decreases irritation - ✔✔high toe box
assists with venous return and helps stabilize orthostatic hypotension during position
changes - ✔✔abdominal binder
associated with chronic venous insufficiency - ✔✔gaiter distribution of swelling -
appearance of inverted bottle at the calf
associated with sputum that is predominately neutrophilic and bronchodilators improve
spirometry scores - ✔✔chronic bronchitis
backup of blood into systemic venous circulation - manifested by edema systematically,
jugular venous distention, ascites, bilateral pedal edema - ✔✔right ventricular failure
backup of blood into the pulmonary system and decreased cardiac output - dry cough,
wheezing, tachycardia, light-headedness, pallor, cyanosis - ✔✔left ventricular failure
based on abstract concepts and is not observable or measurable - ✔✔construct
validity
, based on the validation of a test without comparison to an already validated test -
✔✔face validity
beta-blocker that lowers the maximum heart rate and lowers the target heart rate zone
RPE is the most appropriate method to determine exercise intensity since it is not
affected by metoprolol - ✔✔Metoprolol
BP measurement on ipsilateral side should be avoided - pt may weight bear through
the arm and AROM - ✔✔central line peripherally inserted via cephalic vein
Buerger disease - - ✔✔Thromboangiitis obliterans
calcanea apophysitis
overuse syndrome caused by micro trauma at the insertion of the Achilles tendon at
the calcaneal apophysis - ✔✔sever disease
calcaneal apophyisitis in children - benefit form stretching to improve flexibility of
gastrocnemius and soleus, and use of heel wedge to decrease the stress and traction
of the Achilles insertion - ✔✔Sever disease
canalith repositioning procedure - used to treat BPPV - nystagmus is a common sign -
✔✔Epley maneuver
caused by hyperextension injury with bleeding in the central spinal cord - ✔✔central
cord syndrome
centralizes peripheral blood flow and increases venous return, which increases blood
pressure - ✔✔hydrostatic pressure
cervical proprioception exercises along with deep neck flexor strengthening are
recommended
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