CEP 650 Final || with Errorless Solutions 100%.
Psychotherapy as a domain of science in its modern sense did not clearly emerge until the
________ correct answers 18th century
What body part do the Hellenist contribute to mental illness? correct answers The brain
The scientific study of the unconscious is commonly thought to have started with renowned
polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646- 1716). Leibniz studied the role of subliminal
perceptions in our daily life and coined the term _________ to describe the forces that operate in
unconscious mentation. correct answers Dynamic
Some therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavior therapy are more
amenable to _____________ than others such as existential psychotherapy correct answers
Manualization
The ______________ of all health professions has "been the linchpin of the development and
use of empirically based clinical practice guidelines" correct answers Industrialization
_____________ is a generic term that encompasses a large number of clinical procedures
intended to improve clients' well-being, and the practice is not "owned" by one profession or
another correct answers Psychotherapy
The momentum toward fashioning psychologies that are increasingly _____________ has
accelerated in the 21st century, most notably (in North America) through the work of Martin
Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi correct answers positive
Alfred Adler was a positive psychologist who gave luster to the idea of ___________________,
the overriding—arguably the only—innate drive he acknowledged in his personality psychology
correct answers self-actualization
Unlike individually focused therapies, in family therapy the _____________ (the family member
considered to be the problem in the family) is viewed as manifesting troubled or troubling
behavior maintained by problematic transactions within the family or perhaps between the family
and the outside community. correct answers Identified patient
When a particular philosophy, point of view, or methodology dominates scientific thinking (and
thus assumes the character of a ______________), then solutions to problems are sought within
the perspectives of that school of thought. correct answers Paradigm
With a family framework, attention is directed to the family context in which individual behavior
occurs, to behavioral sequences between individuals, and to what is now taking place and how
each participant influences and is influenced by other family members. This view is known as
__________________ correct answers Reciprocal causality
,Gregory Bateson was an anthropologist who focused on pathological family interaction.
Although not a family therapist himself, Bateson (1972) deserves special credit for first seeing
how a family might operate as a _____________ correct answers System
_______________ is the simple, nonreciprocal view that one event leads to another in stimulus-
response fashion correct answers Linear Causality
Family therapists prefer to think in terms of _________________: reciprocal actions occur
within a relationship network by means of interacting loops. correct answers Circular Causality
When a crisis or other disruption occurs, some family members may try to maintain or regain a
stable environment—______________________—by activating family-learned mechanisms to
decrease the stress and restore internal balance. Others may push for needed change in the family
correct answers Family homeostasis
Although family members may engage in ____________________, three key subsystems will
always endure: the spousal, parental, and sibling subsystems correct answers Temporary
alliances
_______________ are invisible lines that separate a system, a subsystem, or an individual from
outside surroundings. correct answers Boundaries
Excessively rigid boundaries characterize ________________ in which members feel isolated
from one another correct answers Disengaged families
Diffuse boundaries identify __________________ in which members are intertwined in one
another's lives correct answers Enmeshed families
When the family is open to new experiences, able to alter and discard unworkable or obsolete
interactive patterns, it operates as an ________________ correct answers Open system
When boundaries are not easily crossed, the family is insular, not open to what is happening
around it, suspicious of the outside world, and said to be operating as a _______________
correct answers Closed system
A later refinement, sometimes called _______________________, acknowledged the effect of
the observer (the family therapist) on his or her observations; by helping define the problem, the
observer influences goals and outcomes. correct answers Second-order cybernetics
Contemporary views of family therapy emphasize taking a __________________________ in
working with families, being careful not to reinforce (as therapists sometimes did in the past)
stereotyped sexist and patriarchal attitudes or class differences. correct answers gender-sensitive
outlook
Developing a _______________________ (Prochaska & Norcross, 2014) necessitates moving
beyond the white, middle-class outlook from which many therapists operate (prizing self-
, sufficiency, independence, and individual development) and recognizing that such values are not
necessarily embraced by all ethnic groups. correct answers Culturally sensitive therapy
A current trend in family therapy is toward eclecticism and _______________ of therapeutic
approaches (Lebow, 2016) because no single technique fits all clients or situations correct
answers Integration
Two evidence-based family approaches aimed at treating delinquency or other behavior
problems in adolescents as well as at reducing recidivism are _______________ and
________________ correct answers Functional family therapy, multisystemic therapy
_______________'s (1974) structural view focuses on how families are organized and on what
rules govern members' transactions. He pays particular attention to family rules, roles,
alignments, and coalitions, as well as to the boundaries and subsystems that make up the overall
family system correct answers Salvador Minuchin
_________________ (1972) attempted to get families to think about the relevant concepts that
formed the basis of their developing relationships by compiling a family life chronology for each
family member. This was an effort to help people understand how family ideology, values, and
commitments had emerged in the family and influenced current family functioning. correct
answers Virginia Satir
The psychodynamic view is currently best expressed by _________________ family therapists
(Hughes, 2007; Scharff & Scharff, 2008), who contend that the need for a satisfying relationship
with some "object" (i.e., another person) is the fundamental motive of life. correct answers
Object relations
______________ family therapists following Satir and Whitaker believe that troubled families
need a growth experience derived from an intimate interpersonal experience with an involved
therapist. correct answers Experiential
Murray Bowen argued that family members are tied in thinking, feeling, and behavior to the
family system and thus individual problems arise and are maintained by relationship connections
with fellow members, this idea is the core belief of __________________________ correct
answers Transgenerational Family Therapy
In transgenerational family therapy, those persons with the strongest affective connections (or
_______________) with the family are most vulnerable to personal emotional reactions to family
stress. correct answers Fusion
The degree to which an individualized, separate sense of self independent from the family (or
________________________) occurs is correlated with the ability to resist being overwhelmed
by emotional reactivity in the family; the greater the differentiation, the less likely the individual
will experience personal dysfunction. correct answers Differentiation of self
