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-already used about half of proven reserves
-remains expected to last 41 years at current rate of consumption - ✔✔expectancy of oil use
-china is the worlds largest producer of wind turbines and second installation after europe
-world's fastest growing energy source
-wind turbines can produce power 90% of the time
-Texas leads US in wind power
-wind power provides local control of energy
drawback: bird and bat mortality
-isssue with storage but power doesn't have to travel far. - ✔✔Wind energy
-CO2, mercury, arsenic, lead and other high levels of pollution - ✔✔coal reacting with water in the
atmosphere produces what effects?
-collect usable heat
-more efficient than photovoltaic
-BUT it varies geographically
-*solar potential in SW US concentrated
--most potential in cold areas, making Colorado (sunny and cold) best. - ✔✔Solar thermal systems
%
-generate electricity directly
-creates electrical currents directly by bumping off electrons
-PV systems are not super efficient because of conversion to a/c power - ✔✔Photovoltaic cells
-shale deposits in 'tight' formations
-mix of water and fluid pumped at high pressure into the rock which releases gas.
-bad: contaminates water wells and creates earthquakes even in places that are not normally
seismically active. - ✔✔Fracking (natural gas)
-should generate energy locally, on demand - ✔✔energy storage and transmission
-smallest and simplest of the hydrocarbons, largely composed of methane
-only produces 1/2 as much co2 as coal (substitution may help global warming)
-more than 1/2 of reserves are in the mid east and russia
-2nd largest commerical fuel
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, STUVIA 2024/2025
-fracked gas is expected to supply 2/3 of our gas supply in coming decades. - ✔✔Natural gas
-typically along plate boundaries, corralates with volcanic zones
-*Iceland=plans to be 1st carbon neutral country
-good and renewable
-expressed in the forms of hot springs, geysers, and fumaroles - ✔✔geothermal potential
"light sweat crude" oil
-18% of oil reserves*
-0% of saudi oil comes to the US - ✔✔Saudi arabian oil
(NOx) Major source is auto exhaust. Primary and secondary effects include acidification of lakes,
respiratory irritation, leads to smog and ozone. Reduced using catalytic converters. - ✔✔nitrogen
%
oxides
*
-E of the rockies
-W of the rockies
-Texas (b/c lots of oil/gas in texas, wanted independence) - ✔✔3 power grids in the US
*30 billion tons - ✔✔the amount of co2 released by human activities per year is approximately
*burning of fossil fuels and production of cement and clearing of forests only - ✔✔Most of the
excessive carbon dioxide that is expected to cause global warming is generated by
*coal burning power plants - ✔✔the majority of airborne mercury is released by...
*Conversion (d/c to a/c), transmission (power lines), and distribution
-65% loss of total energy - ✔✔Biggest energy loss?
*could all individually potentially meet the energy needs of the fuel world. - ✔✔solar, wind, and
geothermal...
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