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- assess frequency of exacerbations
-assess changes in lung functions
-assess liver function tests
-monitor for cyanosis
-take med 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals
-effectiveness requires continued use for 48-72 hrs - ✔✔leukotriene modifiers interventions
- avoid taking blood pressure for 24 hrs in extremity used to inject dye
-assess site for bleeding
-apply cold compress to the puncture site to reduce swelling/discomfort - ✔✔pulmonary angiography
post op care
- maintain a patent airway and adequate ventilation
- place the client in a Fowler's position
- administer oxygen as prescribed
- maintain bed rest and limit activity to reduce oxygen demands
- prepare for mechanical ventilation with PEEP if required - ✔✔pulmonary contusion interventions
-a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness
and HYPERINFLATION - ✔✔What is emphysema?
%
-a flap that flips down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from
entering the tracheobronchial tree - ✔✔what is the epiglottis?
-a severe, life-threatening asthma attack that is refractory to usual treatment and may result in
pneumothorax, acute cor pulmonale, or respiratory arrest - ✔✔What is status asthmaticus?
-absent or decreased breath sounds on affected side
- cyanosis
-decreased chest expansion on one side
-distended neck veins
-dyspnea
-hypotension
-sharp chest pain
-subcutaneous emphysema (crepitus)
-sucking sound with open chest wound
-tachycardia
-tachypnea
-tracheal deviation to unaffected side - ✔✔pneumothorax assessment findings
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-accumulation of atmospheric air into the pleural space which results in a rise in intrathoracic
pressure
-loss of negative intrapleural pressure causes collapse of lung - ✔✔pneumothorax description
-acute onset of fever and chills, muscle aches
-headache
-fatigue, weakness, anorexia
-sore throat, rhinorrhea, cough - ✔✔flu assessment findings
-administer a concentration of oxygen based on ABG and oxygen sat
-provide respiratory tx and CPT
-instruct pt on pursed lip breathing, tripod positioning
-record color amount and consistency of sputum
-small frequent meals to prevent dyspnea
-high calorie high protein diet
-increase fluids (3000 mL/day)
-fowlers position leaning forward to promote breathing
-administer brochodilators, corticosteroids, mucolytics - ✔✔COPD interventions
-administer bronchodilator first then corticosteroid
%
*if 2 different inhaled meds are being used wait 5 mins after the first to do the second. If a second
dose of the same med is needed wait 1-2 mins before the second dose* - ✔✔How to administer
cortiosteroid and bronchodilator inhaler
-adrenal insufficiency
-hyperglycemia
-hypocalcemia
-sodium and fluid retention
-weight gain and edema
-fat redistribution resulting in moon face buffalo hump
-GI irritation, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis
-seizures - ✔✔glucocorticids (corticosteroids) s/e
-air filled cavities in the hollow bones that surround the nasal passages
-provides resonance during speech - ✔✔what are the sinuses
-airborne
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-when infected person coughs laughs sneezes, the bacteria enters the air and may be inhaled by
others
-after an exposed person receives medication for 2 to 3 wks the risk of transmission is greatly
reduced - ✔✔TB transmission
-avoid gas producing foods and extremely hot/cold foods
-avoid extreme temperatures
-stop smoking
-recognize s/s of respiratory infection and hypoxia
-use wet cloth when dusting - ✔✔COPD pt education
-apply a dressing to the biopsy site and monitor for drainage and bleeding
-monitor for signs of pneumothorax and air emboli - ✔✔lung biopsy post op care
-apply a pressure dressing and assess the puncture site for bleeding and crepitus
-monitor for signs of pneumothorax, air emobolism, and pulmonary edem
-review chest x-ray to monitor for pneumothorax - ✔✔Thoracentesis post op care
-apprehension and restlessness
-blood tinged sputum
-chest pain
-crackles and wheezes
-distended neck veins
-dyspnea accompanied by anginal and pleuritic pain exacerbated by inspiration
-feeling of impending doom
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