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Bot 161 Plant Reproduction Notes
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This is a comprehensive and detailed note on plant reproduction for bot 161. Essential!!
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CHAPTER A4 PART 2Pollination is the process by which pollen is placed on the stigma
Self pollination occurs when a pollen from a flower Anther pollinate a stigma of the same
flower or another flower in the same plant
When pollen from the Anther of one flower pollinate the stigma of a different plant the
process is termed cross pollination or outcrossing
Self pollination can be:
intrafloral when pollen comes from the same flower
Interfloral when pollen comes from another flower on the same plant
Cross pollination occurs when pollen arrives at the stigma of a flower of another plant of the
same species
POLLINATION AGENTS
Successful pollination in flowering plants depends on the regular attraction of pollinators
Animal, insects water and wind may transfer pollen between plants of the same plant
species
Pollination can be prevented by altering the morphology of the flower or that of the
pollinators
MECHANISMS THAT PREVENT SELF FERTILIZATION
Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity of the offspring
Nevertheless some flowers such as garden pea self-fertilize
Many flowering plants have mechanisms that make it difficult or impossible for a flower to
fertilize itself.
In the diecious plant species plants cannot self-fertilize because they have either staminate
or capellate flowers
In some plants stamens and carpels mature at different times or structurally arranged in
such a way that it is unlikely that an animal pollinator could transfer pollen from an Anther to
the stigma of the same flower
Some plans will produce two types of flowers:
1. a pin flower with long Styles and short stamens
2. thrum flower with short Styles and long stamens
Insects will collect pollen in different parts of this body
A pin flower pollen will be deposited on a thrum flowers stigmas and vice versa
SELF INCOMPATIBILITY
- results when the pollen and stigma recognise each other as genetically related
Some plans will reject the pollen that matches its stigma genetically or by blocking the
growth of a pollen tube after recognition of self pollen
Researchers have identified two types of self incompatibility:
1.Gametophytic self-incompatibility
2. Sporophytic self-incompatibility
In gametophytic Pollen tube growth stops before reaching the embryo sac
In sporophytic the pollen tube will not germinate
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