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Wie entstehen Allergien
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Wie entstehen Allergien?
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Wie entstehen AllergienSensibilisierung:
Pollenkörner kommen in den Körper herein → Körper produziert viel Antikörper, weil gestört →
Antikörpertiter sammeln sich an der Oberfläche von Mastzellen (weiße Blutzellen, mache in der
Schleimhäuten in der Nase) → haben Botenstoff Histamin.
Allergische Reaktion: (beim zweiten Kontakt)
Histamin erweitert kleine Blutgefäße → Schleimhäute schwellen und sondern Schleim → Stoffe die
Allergie auslösen: Allergene
Erstkontakt→ Zellantwort (Sensibilisierung)
Zweitkontakt → allergische Reaktion
Allergien beruhen auf Überreaktion der spezifischen Immunabwehr.
Wenn Symptome zu viel → lebensbedrohlich
Blutgefäße weiten sich → Blutdruck sinkt
→ wichtige Organe schlechter durchblutet
→ Kreislaufzusammenbruch → Tod
anaphylaktischen (allergischen) Schock
Manchmal Desensibilisierung möglich:
kleine bis große Mengen ausgesetzt → Gewöhnungseffekt
Allergiker, die an Heuschnupfen leiden sind stark in Frühling und Sommer betroffen weil die
Blumen Blüten und viel Pollen freisetzen
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