Unit 1 Child Development Theories,
Philosophies of Child Guidance
DAP - Answer -Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) involves guiding children with age,
individual, social, and cultural appropriateness in mind.
Adults Influence Children - Answer -Adults influence children through modeling, instruction, feedback,
managing the child's environment, stating expectations, helping children understand 'why', and
changing their understanding and attitude.
Major Dimensions of Caregiving Styles - Answer -Caregiving styles involve responsiveness
(supportiveness) and demandingness, which refer to an adult's warmth, child development knowledge,
communication style, willingness to give explanations, setting boundaries, limits, expectations,
monitoring, supervising, and guidance strategies.
Responsiveness - Answer -Refers to an adult's supportiveness, warmth, child development knowledge,
belief in partnership with the child, communication style, and willingness to give explanations.
Demandingness - Answer -Refers to an adult's knowledge and skills in setting boundaries, limits,
expectations, monitoring, supervising, guidance strategies, and confronting children when necessary.
Three Styles of Caregiving - Answer -Caregiving styles include authoritative (positive, high in
demandingness, high in responsiveness), authoritarian (negative, high in demandingness, low in
responsiveness), and permissive (indulgent/neglectful, low in demandingness, highly/not very
responsive to children).
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