Exam (elaborations)
BIOC 385 Exam 2 Questions & Detailed Answers
- Course
- BIOC 385
- Institution
- North Dakota State University
BIOC 385 Exam 2 Questions & Detailed Answers
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BIOC 385 Exam 2 Questions & Detailed AnswersGlycogen - ANS Which glucose homopolymer would be used if a person had to
sprint quickly?
Glycogen synthesis - ANS Gluconeogenesis would most likely be allosterically
activated simultaneously along with which other metabolic process?
Glucagon - ANS Which hormone slows down glycolysis while stimulating
gluconeogenesis through the phosphorylation of phosphofructokinase 2 (PFK2)
and fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase?
NADP+ - ANS What molecule activates the pentose phosphate pathway?
activated by ATP energy - ANS In the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase
(the first reaction in gluconeogenesis), CO2 is
0; 2 - ANS Starting from the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway,
how many ATP and high-energy reduced molecules, respectively, are made in
going from one glucose molecule to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and fructose-6-
phosphate?
glycerol - ANS Which of the following metabolites has carbon atoms that can end
up in glucose via the gluconeogenesis pathway in humans?
,increase; glycolysis - ANS The hormone insulin activates phosphofructokinase 2
(2PFK2). This leads to a(n) __________ in concentration of fructose 2,6
bisphosphate, which favors the __________ pathway.
It provides a source of NADH for gluconeogenesis via malate transport. - ANS
Which correctly describes the role of the transport system shown below?
Glucose is not exported from muscle cells because muscle cells lack glucose-6-
phosphatase. - ANS How does glycogen metabolism regulation differ between liver
cells and muscle cells?
Muscle cells store glycogen for its own energy needs and not the needs of other
tissues. - ANS Why is it important that muscle cells are unresponsive to glucagon?
serve as the origin of the glycogen polymer. - ANS The role of glycogenin is to
glycogen synthase; glycogen phosphorylase; decrease - ANS The hormone insulin
stimulates __________ and inhibits __________, leading to a(n) __________ in the
glucose levels.
C-4 - ANS In the elongation of glycogen, activated glucose units are attached to
which hydroxyl of the terminal residue of the growing glycogen chain?
a) [Pi]/[glucose 1-phosphate] = 3.5/1
, b) The concentration of glucose 1-phosphate is below the equilibrium value.
Therefore, the rate of glucose 1-phosphate removal (through entry into glycolysis)
is greater than the rate at which glucose 1-phosphate is produced by glycogen
phosphorylase, so metabolite flow is from glycogen to glucose 1-phosphate. - ANS
Glycogen phosphorylase catalyzes the removal of glucose from glycogen. The ΔGo'
for this reaction is 3.1 kJ/mol.
a) Calculate the ratio of [Pi] to [glucose 1-phosphate] when the reaction is at
equilibrium at 298K. (Hint: the removal of glucose units from glycogen does not
change the glycogen concentration.)
b) In muscle cells under physiological conditions, the measured ratio of
[Pi]/[glucose 1-phosphate] is more than 100:1. What does this indicate about the
direction of metabolite flow through the glycogen phosphorylase reaction in
muscle?
Choose one answer for part a and one answer for part b.
UDP - ANS In the glycogenesis pathway, what is the leaving group in the last step
where glucose is added to the growing glycogen chain?
Perilipin - ANS Which of the following proteins is activated by phosphorylation
during glucagon-activated fatty acid release from adipocytes?
adrenaline - ANS Because muscles lack receptors for glucagon, what hormone
activates muscle glycogen phosphorylase?
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