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Case 7
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Case 7Learning goals:
1. Structure and function of mitochondria
2. Explain the endosymbiotic theory
3. Citric cycle and how does mitochondria produce energy?
4. How does DNP influence the mitochondria?
, 1. Structure and function of mitochondria
A mitochondrion has two membranes: outer and inner membrane.
They can constantly change in shape, divide and fuse.
Lipids exchange between mitochondria and the ER.
In mitochondria will the metabolism of sugars completed
Pyruvate comes into the mitochondrion and will be oxidized by O2 to
CO2 and H2O.
Outer membrane
It contains many porin molecules
type of transport protein that forms large aqueous channels through the
lipid bilayer.
SO it is freely permeable to ions and small molecules.
Very smooth. It has the TOM complex, to let proteins in.
The intermembrane space between the outer and inner membrane has
the same pH as the cytoplasm.
Inner membrane
It surrounds the internal mitochondrial matrix and is a diffusion barrier
to ions and small molecules.
Has thousands of infoldings (cristae). it increases the surface where
ATP can be formed.
The number of cristae is 3x greater in the mitochondrion of a cardiac
muscle cell than in the mitochondrion of a liver cell, presumably because
of the greater demand for ATP in heart cells.
It has the TIM22 and TIM23 complex.
It exists of phospholipid cardiolipin.
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