Tx? - Fasting Glucose:
>126 on 2 separate occasions
Random Glucose:
>200
Glucose Challenge 75 mg:
>200 2 hours post challenge
AlC:
>6.5%
MOA:
Autoimmune Destruction of Pancreatic ß-cells (islets of Langerhans beta-cells) causing
decreased insulin + increased glucose
Tx:
Insulin
What is pre diabetes Alc? - 5.7-6.4%
Which of the following is the recommended treatment for a pituitary adenoma >1 cm in
size? - > 1cm or compressing optic chiasm Pituitary tumors:
Surgical transphenoidal (hardy) resection is treatment of choice!
Radiation therapy:
Used in older adults that cannot have surgery
Dopamine Agonists:
Used in micro tumors or prolactinomas to reduce size/symptoms
What structure is commonly compressed and affects vision in those with a pituitary
adenoma? - Optic Chiasm!
What presents with bitemporal hemianopia?
, Tx? - Pituitary tumor compressing Optic Chiasm!
Tx:
Transsphenoidal surgical resection
What presents with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility?
Tx? - Prolactinoma
Most common Pituitary Tumor!
Tx:
Dopamine Agonists
Bromocriptine, Cabergoline
What presents with Gigantism in children and Acromegaly in adults? - Pituitary tumor
hyper secreting GH!
What is most common complication seen with pituitary tumors? - Bitemporal
Hemianopia
Meaning:
Partial Blindness where vision is Missing in the Outer Half of Both the Right and Left
Visual Field.
What labs are expected with TSH producing pituitary adenoma? - Elevated TSH, High
T3 and High T4
ALL elevated!
What thyroid disorder is defined by altered mental status and decompensated metabolic
state? - Myxedema Coma!
Most severe manifestation of Hypothyroidism
What presents with generalized weakness, fatigue, facial swelling, constipation, cold
intolerance, weight gain, periorbital edema, dry skin with coarse/brittle hair, delayed
DTR?
Expected labs?
Most common manifestation?
Tx? - Hypothyroidism!
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