GISP Study 2022
ANSI - ANSAmerican National Standards Institute
OGC - ANSOpen Geospatial Consortium
FGDC - ANSFederal Geographic Data Committee
ISO - ANSInternational Standards Organization
OGC is a what? - ANSInternational Industry consortium of many companies, gov agencies and
universities participating in a consensus process to develop publicly available interface
standards.
OGC Mission - ANSTo advance the development and use of international standards and
supporting services that promote geospatial interoperability.
OGC Standards are? - ANSdeveloped by members to make location info and services FAIR-
Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.
What is FAIR? - ANSOGC Standard for location data: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable,
Reusable. Global forum.
OGC Standard Formats-file based - ANSKML/KMZ, (GML-advanced KML-buildings), LAS,
GeoTiff, Geopackage, OGC & ISO Simple Features, ASCI point data.
Web Based OGC Standards - ANSWFS (Feb Feature Service), WMS (web Map Service),
WMTS (web Map Tile service), WPS (Web Processing service), WCS (coverage)
OGC Geometry Model-What are LinearRings? - ANSOutline of a polygon-not raster surface,
(curves, points, Surface)
What is a Geopackage? - ANSOGC Standard format- 2014 new, Open format, supports vector
& raster data, .gpkg, based on SQLite.
FGDC (Federal Geographic Data Committee) did what? - ANSFirst Metadata standards,
Standard Addresses, Soil description, (replaced by international standard?)
US Bureau of the Budget - ANSWho publishes the National Map Accuracy Standards, works
with FGDC since 1941?
,National Map Accuracy Standards - ANSAdhered to by the USGS and other federal
organizations when publishing Maps.
90% Horizontal accuracy (1/30 .0333) - ANSNational Map Accuracy Standards for map scale
larger than 1:20,000 (%).
90% Horizontal accuracy (1/50 .02) - ANSNational Map Accuracy Standards for map scale
1:20,000 and smaller (%).
National Map Accuracy Standards applies to - ANSWell defined, easily visible points such as
survey markers, property boundary monuments, corner of large builds, etc.
Text "This Map complies with National Map Accuracy Standards" - ANSUSGS Accuracy
standards of 90% vertical and horizontal standards.
USGS Topographic Maps - ANSPublished high accuracy maps.
RMS Error - ANSAverage of the distances between the mapped location and the actual location
(distance in x and distance in y)
20 Check points-test points - ANSHow many check points should be tested for each dataset to
calculate accuracy?
Geometric Accuracy - ANSHow close the location depicted on a map to their real-would
locations. Accurate spatial xyz, metadata, time & temp.
Precision - ANSConsistent data collect measurements, constant. Doesn't mean accurate.
Yes, ex. length is not considering z values, 3 Dimensional surface. - ANSCan data be accurate
and precise but not correct?
Legal measurements - ANSCorrect tabular measurements for length and area, ex. Land lots.
Surveyed measurements - ANSFollow along the 3-demesional surface of the earth.
XY Accuracy - ANS1. Determined by field collection procedures and equipment-how was it
collected.
XY Accuracy - ANS2. Accuracy of the digitizing
XY Accuracy - ANS3. The way the data has been processed.
Fuzzy Tolerance - ANSThe distance within which coordinates of nearby features are adjusted to
coincide with each other when topology is being constructed or polygon overlay is performed.
,Float with double Precision (15 digits) - ANSAttribute Accuracy- store Lat/Long data type in field
6 decimals.
Short or long integer - ANSAttribute Accuracy-Whole numbers only are?
Float - ANSAttribute Accuracy-What can store number with decimal places?
Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) - ANSWhat is SDTS?
Independent source of higher accuracy, compare to well know locations on the ground,
Compute RMSE. - ANSRaster accuracy testing should be performed against (3)?
95% confidence level (95% of the positions in the dataset will have an error equal to or smaller
than the reported accuracy value) - ANSSDTS standard for Raster-accuracy should be reported
at what confidence level?
Minimum of 20 check points shall be tested - ANSRaster-How many points should be tested
distributed across the area?
1 point could fall below the reported accuracy. - ANSRaster-95% confidence of 20 points
means?
Root mean square error - ANSRMSE to estimate positional accuracy-Raster
National Map Accuracy Standards is 90% - ANSNMAS is what percent accurate for maps?
Datasets over printed maps. - ANSSDTS standard for raster is mostly used with what?
Spectral Signatures - ANSClassify rasters based on the knowledge of?
Determine a set of sample classes (random areas), Ground truth, create an error matrix
(Confusion Matrix). - ANSHow to check the accuracy of the raster classification Accuracy (3).
Confusion Matrix (Predicted presents to Recorded Presents) - ANSError matrix that compares
the number of samples correctly id to the number of sample points collected
Kappa Coefficient (0 bad, .7 & above good) agreement between the classified image and the
reference image. - ANSAnother accuracy indicator for raster besides the Confusion Matrix?
Spectral, Temporal, Spatial, Radiometric - ANS4 kinds of Raster Resolution and Raster
Accuracy
, Radiometric - ANSDefines the quality of the content for each of those pixels or cells. sensor's
ability to pick up on the differences of the wavelengths of energy being recorded and to what
degree of detail these wavelengths are distinguished from each other.
Radiometric - ANSResolution is most often expressed using the number of bits for each band of
data being recorded. A higher number of bits per band will in turn be a higher amount of?
Spectral Resolution - ANSIs the number of bands being recorded. Are Cell values the proper
value RGB or other wavelength of light.
Temporal - ANSDoes the raster accurately represent conditions for the time period claimed.
What raster resolution?
- ANSIs the raster in the accurate location and does the cell size (resolution) accurately
represent the area modeled.
Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) - ANSMetadata standards exist to facilitate the
exchange of metadata by who? older committee.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - ANSNewer than FGDC for metadata
standards?
ISO 19115 (American profile) & ISO 19139 (Schema-Metadata Implementation specification. -
ANStwo important ISO standard # for metadata standards?
XML (Extensible Markup Language) - ANSWhat is the recommended standard for sharing
metadata?
True - ANSFGDC recomments ISO standards. ISO is not just GIS, T or F?
True - ANSFGDC now endorses the ISO standard, ISO standard is the Metadata format for
data.gov T or F?
Title, Date, Geo location, Language, Topic Category, Abstract (and code lists-domains) -
ANSISO Mandatory for datasets (6-7) required info.
year, month, day...hour minute seconds - ANSISO Metadata standards for date and time?
Decimal degrees, with + or - (not E/W/N/S) - ANSISO Metadata standards for Lat/Long?
Survey and R-mean Square Error (RMSE) - ANSHorizontal Accuracy is based on (2)?
No, Metadata only. - ANSIs ISO geospatial?
ANSI - ANSAmerican National Standards Institute
OGC - ANSOpen Geospatial Consortium
FGDC - ANSFederal Geographic Data Committee
ISO - ANSInternational Standards Organization
OGC is a what? - ANSInternational Industry consortium of many companies, gov agencies and
universities participating in a consensus process to develop publicly available interface
standards.
OGC Mission - ANSTo advance the development and use of international standards and
supporting services that promote geospatial interoperability.
OGC Standards are? - ANSdeveloped by members to make location info and services FAIR-
Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.
What is FAIR? - ANSOGC Standard for location data: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable,
Reusable. Global forum.
OGC Standard Formats-file based - ANSKML/KMZ, (GML-advanced KML-buildings), LAS,
GeoTiff, Geopackage, OGC & ISO Simple Features, ASCI point data.
Web Based OGC Standards - ANSWFS (Feb Feature Service), WMS (web Map Service),
WMTS (web Map Tile service), WPS (Web Processing service), WCS (coverage)
OGC Geometry Model-What are LinearRings? - ANSOutline of a polygon-not raster surface,
(curves, points, Surface)
What is a Geopackage? - ANSOGC Standard format- 2014 new, Open format, supports vector
& raster data, .gpkg, based on SQLite.
FGDC (Federal Geographic Data Committee) did what? - ANSFirst Metadata standards,
Standard Addresses, Soil description, (replaced by international standard?)
US Bureau of the Budget - ANSWho publishes the National Map Accuracy Standards, works
with FGDC since 1941?
,National Map Accuracy Standards - ANSAdhered to by the USGS and other federal
organizations when publishing Maps.
90% Horizontal accuracy (1/30 .0333) - ANSNational Map Accuracy Standards for map scale
larger than 1:20,000 (%).
90% Horizontal accuracy (1/50 .02) - ANSNational Map Accuracy Standards for map scale
1:20,000 and smaller (%).
National Map Accuracy Standards applies to - ANSWell defined, easily visible points such as
survey markers, property boundary monuments, corner of large builds, etc.
Text "This Map complies with National Map Accuracy Standards" - ANSUSGS Accuracy
standards of 90% vertical and horizontal standards.
USGS Topographic Maps - ANSPublished high accuracy maps.
RMS Error - ANSAverage of the distances between the mapped location and the actual location
(distance in x and distance in y)
20 Check points-test points - ANSHow many check points should be tested for each dataset to
calculate accuracy?
Geometric Accuracy - ANSHow close the location depicted on a map to their real-would
locations. Accurate spatial xyz, metadata, time & temp.
Precision - ANSConsistent data collect measurements, constant. Doesn't mean accurate.
Yes, ex. length is not considering z values, 3 Dimensional surface. - ANSCan data be accurate
and precise but not correct?
Legal measurements - ANSCorrect tabular measurements for length and area, ex. Land lots.
Surveyed measurements - ANSFollow along the 3-demesional surface of the earth.
XY Accuracy - ANS1. Determined by field collection procedures and equipment-how was it
collected.
XY Accuracy - ANS2. Accuracy of the digitizing
XY Accuracy - ANS3. The way the data has been processed.
Fuzzy Tolerance - ANSThe distance within which coordinates of nearby features are adjusted to
coincide with each other when topology is being constructed or polygon overlay is performed.
,Float with double Precision (15 digits) - ANSAttribute Accuracy- store Lat/Long data type in field
6 decimals.
Short or long integer - ANSAttribute Accuracy-Whole numbers only are?
Float - ANSAttribute Accuracy-What can store number with decimal places?
Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) - ANSWhat is SDTS?
Independent source of higher accuracy, compare to well know locations on the ground,
Compute RMSE. - ANSRaster accuracy testing should be performed against (3)?
95% confidence level (95% of the positions in the dataset will have an error equal to or smaller
than the reported accuracy value) - ANSSDTS standard for Raster-accuracy should be reported
at what confidence level?
Minimum of 20 check points shall be tested - ANSRaster-How many points should be tested
distributed across the area?
1 point could fall below the reported accuracy. - ANSRaster-95% confidence of 20 points
means?
Root mean square error - ANSRMSE to estimate positional accuracy-Raster
National Map Accuracy Standards is 90% - ANSNMAS is what percent accurate for maps?
Datasets over printed maps. - ANSSDTS standard for raster is mostly used with what?
Spectral Signatures - ANSClassify rasters based on the knowledge of?
Determine a set of sample classes (random areas), Ground truth, create an error matrix
(Confusion Matrix). - ANSHow to check the accuracy of the raster classification Accuracy (3).
Confusion Matrix (Predicted presents to Recorded Presents) - ANSError matrix that compares
the number of samples correctly id to the number of sample points collected
Kappa Coefficient (0 bad, .7 & above good) agreement between the classified image and the
reference image. - ANSAnother accuracy indicator for raster besides the Confusion Matrix?
Spectral, Temporal, Spatial, Radiometric - ANS4 kinds of Raster Resolution and Raster
Accuracy
, Radiometric - ANSDefines the quality of the content for each of those pixels or cells. sensor's
ability to pick up on the differences of the wavelengths of energy being recorded and to what
degree of detail these wavelengths are distinguished from each other.
Radiometric - ANSResolution is most often expressed using the number of bits for each band of
data being recorded. A higher number of bits per band will in turn be a higher amount of?
Spectral Resolution - ANSIs the number of bands being recorded. Are Cell values the proper
value RGB or other wavelength of light.
Temporal - ANSDoes the raster accurately represent conditions for the time period claimed.
What raster resolution?
- ANSIs the raster in the accurate location and does the cell size (resolution) accurately
represent the area modeled.
Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) - ANSMetadata standards exist to facilitate the
exchange of metadata by who? older committee.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - ANSNewer than FGDC for metadata
standards?
ISO 19115 (American profile) & ISO 19139 (Schema-Metadata Implementation specification. -
ANStwo important ISO standard # for metadata standards?
XML (Extensible Markup Language) - ANSWhat is the recommended standard for sharing
metadata?
True - ANSFGDC recomments ISO standards. ISO is not just GIS, T or F?
True - ANSFGDC now endorses the ISO standard, ISO standard is the Metadata format for
data.gov T or F?
Title, Date, Geo location, Language, Topic Category, Abstract (and code lists-domains) -
ANSISO Mandatory for datasets (6-7) required info.
year, month, day...hour minute seconds - ANSISO Metadata standards for date and time?
Decimal degrees, with + or - (not E/W/N/S) - ANSISO Metadata standards for Lat/Long?
Survey and R-mean Square Error (RMSE) - ANSHorizontal Accuracy is based on (2)?
No, Metadata only. - ANSIs ISO geospatial?
