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NR293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE - PART 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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NR293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE - PART 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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NR293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAMSTUDY GUIDE - PART 2 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
RAPID ACTING INSULIN - ANSWER *onset: 15 minutes*
*peak: 30-90 minutes*
*insulin lispro (Humalog)*
insulin aspart (NovoLog)
insulin glulisine (Apidra)
SHORT ACTING INSULIN - ANSWER *onset: 30-60 minutes*
*peak: 2-4 hours*
regular insulin (Humulin R)
regular insulin (Novolin R)
INTERMEDIATE ACTING INSULIN - ANSWER *onset: 1-3 hours*
*peak: 8 hours*
NPH insulin (Humulin N)
NPH insulin (Novolin N)
,LONG-ACTING INSULIN - ANSWER *onset: 1-2 hours*
*no peak*
*duration: 18-24 hours*
insulin glargine (Lantus)
insulin detemir (Levemir)
PRE-MIXED INSULIN - ANSWER *onset = 30-60 minutes*
*peak: varies*
70% NPH/30% Reg
(Humulin 70/30)
70% NPH/30% Reg
(Novolin 70/30)
50% NPH/50% Reg
(Humulin 50/50)
REGULAR INSULIN - ANSWER the only insulin that can be administered via IV route
used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis or diabetic coma
HYPOGLYCEMIA - ANSWER occurs when blood glucose is less than 70 mg/dL
,HYPOGLYCEMIA - SIGNS & SYMPTOMS - ANSWER *Early Signs*
confusion
irritability
tremor
sweating
*Late Signs*
hypothermia
seizures
BLOOD SUGAR MNEMONIC - ANSWER HOT AND DRY = SUGAR HIGH
COLD AND CLAMMY = GIVE THEM CANDY
INSULIN - INDICATIONS - ANSWER used for glycemic control of diabetes mellitus (type 1, type 2,
gestational)
INSULIN THERAPY FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS - INDICATIONS - ANSWER when oral antidiabetic
medications, diet, and exercise are
unable to control blood glucose levels.
severe renal or liver disease is present.
painful neuropathy is present.
undergoing surgery or diagnostic tests.
experiencing severe stress such as infection
, and trauma.
undergoing emergency treatment of diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic
nonketotic syndrome
requiring treatment of hyperkalemia.
WHEN MIXING INSULINS - ANSWER *clear before cloudy*
1.) inject air into the cloudy vial
2.) inject air into the clear vial
3.) withdraw clear insulin
4.) withdraw cloudy insulin
ADA GLYCEMIC GOAL - ANSWER hemoglobin A1C level of less than 7%
ADA FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE GOAL - ANSWER 80- 130 mg/dL
SULFONYLUREAS - ANSWER second generation oral antidiabetic drugs
glipizide (Glucotrol)
glyburide (Diabeta)
glimepiride (Amaryl)
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