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Bio 1104 Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions
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Bio 1104 Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions
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Bio 1104 Exam 4 Questions And Answers WithVerified Solutions
define altruism ANS behavior that decreases the individual’s direct fitness while increasing the receiver’s direct
fitness
over time, which behavior alleles increased? ANS selfish behavior alleles
why has evolution not gotten rid of altruistic behavior? ANS -there could be net benefits to the behavior
-no-so-obvious benefits that outweigh the obvious costs
describe the 3 types of fitness ANS -inclusive fitness: direct + indirect fitness
-direct fitness: individuals own offspring
-indirect fitness: offspring of an individuals kin
define kin selection ANS favors the direct fitness of an individuals relatives, even if it is costly to the individuals
own direct fitness
what is reciprocal altruism? ANS when an individual helps another at an immediate cost with the expectation
that it will receive a benefit in the future
-individuals can be unrelated
list an example of kin selection ANS Belding's Ground Squirrels give alarm calls for predators
-raises the probability that they are targeted but protects their kin
what species reproduces directly? ANS naked mole-rat queens
-close relatives help her produce
are animals ALWAYS conscious of kin selection? ANS NO! behaviors can evolve without the individual realizing
what they are doing
What is the "Cinderella Syndrome"? ANS -conflicting point to kin selection
, -preschoolers more likely abused when living with a stepparent
what is an example of reciprocal altruism? ANS bats that receive blood from non-relatives reciprocate more
frequently with the bats that have already shared with them
what 3 conditions must be met for reciprocal altruism to evolve? ANS 1- repeated interactions with opportunity
to be both the donor and recipient
2- benefits to recipient are greater than the cost to the donor
3-ability to recognize and punish 'cheaters'
what species is reciprocal altruism common amoung? ANS HUMANS!!!
how do chimpanzees portray reciprocal altruistic behaviors? ANS food transfers are related to grooming
-chimp A gives chimp B food if B groomed A earlier
when does evolutionary mismatch occur? ANS when an organism possesses traits that are evolutionarily
adapted to an environment that they don't live in
list cognitive mechanism that aid in altruism ANS -friendship
-moralistic aggression
-inequity aversion
-sympathy
-gratitude
-guilt
-satisfaction
what was the conclusion of the experiment on the evolution of feelings of moral Injustice in chimps? ANS -
chimps refused tasks when their partner received a better outcome
-males were more sensitive to this
T or F- when done with squirrel monkeys, the experiment on the evolution of feelings had the same results ANS
FALSE
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