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WGU D094 Educational Psychology and Development of Children and Adolescents Exam Latest Updated
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WGU D094 Educational Psychology andDevelopment of Children and Adolescents
Exam Latest Updated
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answer-Graph that shows that individuals must satisfy a
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basic series of needs before they can reach their full potential.
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Maslows Needs level 1 - answer-Physiological needs ( water, food)
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Maslows needs level 2 - answer-Safety and security ( Place to live, physical or financial
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safety
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Maslows needs level 3 - answer-Love and acceptance. Love and belonging needs
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involve interpersonal relationships—friendships, intimacy, trust, romance and love, and
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being part of a group.
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MAslows needs level 4 - answer-Esteem Esteem needs include self-respect, respect
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from others, achievement, independence, status, and prestige.
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Maslows needs level 5 - answer-Self- actualizations personal growth and fulfillment and
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the realization of one's personal potential as a human being (as Maslow put it—a desire
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"to become everything one is capable of becoming.")
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Piaget Theory Stage 1 - answer-0-2 years old Sensorimotor stage. Using there senses
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and very active. Learn Object permanence
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Piaget theory stage 2 - answer-2- 7 years old preoperational good at pretend play and
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egocentric
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Piaget theory stage 3 - answer-7-11 years old Concrete operational, conservation
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(Water doesn't change in different glass) Children reason math
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Piaget stage 4 - answer-12+ Formal observation. Moral reasoning, knowing
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consequences, abstract
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Schema - answer-A group of thoughts children use to categorize things. ( knowing a
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horse is big and has four legs, so when they saw a cow called it a horse)
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, Vygotsky - answer-Socioculture development. SOCIAl interaction between children and
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those around them and their cognition. Varies across cultures
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Elementary Mental Functions - answer-having a tutor b b b b b b b
Attention, sensory, perception, memory b b b
Higher mental function - answer-Becoming indpendent
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More knowledgable other - answer-Vygotsky said children needed someone in order to
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show them
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Zone of proximal development - answer-phase of learning during which children can
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benefit from instruction (When the child is actually learning)
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Vygotsky on language - answer-Private speech or internal speech aids in development.
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Language is an accelerator for thinking and understanding. Watching and learning
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language form others.
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Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development - answer-theory, people experience
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Erikson Stage - answer-infant-trust vs mistrust
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toddler (1-3) autonomy vs shame
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preschool-initiative vs guilt b b
school=industry vs inferiority b b
adolescent-identity vs role confusion b b b
Bandura theory of model learning - answer-emphasizes the importance of observing,
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modelling, and imitating the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others.
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Social learning theory considers how both environmental and cognitive factors interact
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to influence human learning and behavior.
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Bandura: How many models did he use and what were they - answer-ive (with a live
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demonstration or model), verbal (in which the action or behavior is described), and
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symbolic (in which a behavior is modeled through characters in media).
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Kohlberg - answer-theorist who claimed individuals went through a series of stages in
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the process of moral development.
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Carol Gilligan - answer-moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied
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girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale
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because they focused more on relationships rather than laws and principles. Their
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reasoning was merely different, not better or worse
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Noam Chomsky - answer-theorist who believed that humans have an inborn or "native"
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propensity to develop language ( Language acquisition device)
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