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COMD 5070 - FINAL EXAM
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COMD 5070 - FINAL EXAM
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COMD 5070 - FINAL EXAMWhat is science? What are the 4 features of the scientific method? - answer- -empirical
-deterministic
-predictive
-parsimonious
What does it mean for science to be empirical? - answer- based on data
What does it mean for science to be deterministic? - answer- obeys physical laws
What does it mean for science to be predictive? - answer- if you do this.... Then that will
happen
What does it mean for science to be parsimonious? - answer- uses the simplest
explanation possible
How many semitones are in one octave? - answer- 12 semitones
How much sampling is enough? - answer- sample at 2x the rate of the highest
frequency (e.g. Data up to 5 khz = sample at 10 khz, data up to 100 hz = sample at 200
hz)
What is the nyquist frequency? - answer- half the sample rate
If you want to go up one octave, you ______ the frequency. - answer- double
If you want to go down one octave, you ______ the frequency. - answer- halve
What does a high pass filter do? - answer- allows high frequencies through
What does a low pass filter do? - answer- allows low frequencies through
What does a band pass filter do? - answer- allows a band of frequencies through (mid)
What does a band reject filter do? - answer- holds back/attenuates a band of
frequencies (allows high and low frequencies)
What does a fourier transform do? - answer- creates a spectrum from the time domain
waveform (deconstructs the waveform)
What is the cake analogy to a fourier transform? - answer- analyze a cake to learn its
ingredients
What does a time domain display show? - answer- -a waveform represents sound
directly
, -air pressure changes over time
What does a frequency domain display show? - answer- a line spectrum shows the
frequency components of a periodic sound
What is a fft spectrum? - answer- fast fourier transform
-shows harmonic energy
-each peak is a harmonic
-less clear at showing formants
What is fft reveal more of? - answer- vocal source
What is a lpc spectrum? - answer- linear predictive coding
-shows spectral envelope (doesn't show individual harmonics)
-good at revealing formants
What does a lpc spectrum reveal more of? - answer- vocal tract filter
On a spectrum, a sine wave appears as ___________. - answer- a single line
A line spectrum is a _______ in time. - answer- snapshot
What is the x-axis in a speech spectrogram? - answer- x = time
What is the y-axis in a speech spectrogram? - answer- y = frequency
What does the darkness in a speech spectrogram represent? - answer- darkness =
intensity
What is the difference between perturbation and modulation? - answer- modulation is
much slower than random cycle-to-cycle perturbation; modulation is spread across
many cycles
What is jitter? - answer- frequency perturbation
As you lower tongue and jaw, you ______ f1 frequency. - answer- increase
As you raise tongue and jaw, you ______ f1 frequency. - answer- decrease
As you move tongue forward, (increase/decrease) f2 frequency. - answer- increase
As you move tongue backward, (increase/decrease) f2 frequency. - answer- decrease
What happens to f1 in a stop closure? - answer- f1 is very low
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