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  • August 11, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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STUVIA 2024/2025
Chapter 42: Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders
A child has been prescribed activated charcoal. What is the likely reason this is being ordered?
a. Ingestion of a toxic substance
b. Severe vomiting
c. Nausea
d. Motion sickness - ✔✔ANS: A

Activated charcoal is given to prevent the absorption of ingested toxic substances. Activated charcoal
does not have a role in the treatment of nausea, vomiting or motion sickness.

A child is brought to the emergency department after ingestion of a toxic substance. The child is alert
and conscious and is reported to have ingested kerosene 20 minutes prior. The nurse will anticipate
administering
a. activated charcoal.
b. an anticholinergic antiemetic.
c. gastric lavage.
d. syrup of ipecac. - ✔✔ANS: A

Activated charcoal is used when patients have ingested a caustic substance or a petroleum distillate
%


in a patient who is alert and awake. Gastric lavage is no longer used as therapy. Syrup of ipecac is
not recommended.

A patient asks the nurse about using loperamide (Imodium) to treat infectious diarrhea. Which
response will the nurse give?
a. "Loperamide results in many central nervous system (CNS) side effects."
b. "Loperamide has no effect on infectious diarrhea."
c. "Loperamide is taken once daily."
d. "Loperamide can be used to treat diarrheal symptoms but may also slow the exit of the infectious
organisms from the GI tract." - ✔✔ANS: D

Patients with infectious diarrhea should be cautioned about using loperamide since slowing transit
through the intestines may prolong the exposure to the infectious agent. Loperamide causes less
CNS depression than other antidiarrheals. It is taken multiple times per day as needed.

A patient asks the nurse the best way to prevent traveler's diarrhea. The nurse will provide which
recommendation to the patient?
a. "Ask your provider for prophylactic antibiotics."
b. "Drink bottled water and eat only well-cooked meats."
c. "Eat fresh, raw fruits and vegetables."


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, STUVIA 2024/2025
d. "Take loperamide (Imodium) every day." - ✔✔ANS: B

Patients traveling to areas with potential traveler's diarrhea should be counseled to drink bottled water
and eat meats that are well cooked. Prophylactic antibiotics are not recommended. Patients should
eat cooked, washed fruits and vegetables. Loperamide is not recommended for use as a prophylactic
agent.

A patient reports having three to four stools, which are sometimes hard, per week. The patient states
that this represents less bowel movements than normal for her. The nurse will perform which action?
a. Recommend increased intake of fluids and dietary fiber.
b. Request an order for a stimulant laxative as needed.
c. Request an order for a stool softener.
d. Request an order for magnesium citrate. - ✔✔ANS: A

This patient is having stools that are within the normal range for frequency, but she does state that
she generally has more frequent bowel movements. Nonpharmacologic measures, such as increased
intake of fluids and dietary fiber, should be used first to help soften stools.

A patient who experiences motion sickness when flying asks the nurse the best time to take the
medication prescribed to prevent motion sickness for a 0900 flight. The nurse will instruct the patient
%

to take the medication at which time?
a. As needed, at the first sign of nausea
b. At 0700, before leaving for the airport
c. At 0830, just prior to boarding the plane
d. When seated, just prior to takeoff - ✔✔ANS: C

Motion sickness medication has its onset in 30 minutes. The patient should be instructed to take the
medication a half hour prior to takeoff. It is not used as needed.

A patient who is receiving chemotherapy will be given dronabinol (Marinol) to prevent nausea and
vomiting. The nurse will tell the patient that this drug will be given at which time?
a. Before and after the chemotherapy
b. During chemotherapy
c. Immediately prior to chemotherapy
d. 24 hours prior to chemotherapy - ✔✔ANS: A

Cannabinoids are indicated for use prior to and after chemotherapy. Dronabinol is given 1-3 hours
prior to chemotherapy and then every 2-4 hours after.




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