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Chapter 41 - Med Surg Questions &Exam (elaborations) answers 100% satisfaction guarantee
Chapter 41 - Med Surg Questions &Exam (elaborations) answers 100% satisfaction guarantee
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STUVIA 2024/2025Chapter 41 - Med Surg
Ans: A Feedback: After receiving a hip prosthesis, the affected leg should be kept abducted. Mobility
should be encouraged within safe limits. There is no need to avoid knee flexion and the patient's legs
do not need to be higher than the level of the chest. - ✔✔A patient was brought to the emergency
department after a fall. The patient is taken to the operating room to receive a right hip prosthesis. In
the immediate postoperative period, what health education should the nurse emphasize?
A) "Make sure you don't bring your knees close together."
B) "Try to lie as still as possible for the first few days."
C) "Try to avoid bending your knees until next week."
D) "Keep your legs higher than your chest whenever you can."
Ans: A Feedback: After skin traction is applied, the nurse assesses circulation of the foot or hand
within 15 to 30 minutes and then every 1 to 2 hours. - ✔✔The nurse is helping to set up Buck's
traction on an orthopedic patient. How often should the nurse assess circulation to the affected leg?
A) Within 30 minutes, then every 1 to 2 hours
B) Within 30 minutes, then every 4 hours
C) Within 30 minutes, then every 8 hours
D) Within 30 minutes, then every shift
%
Ans: A Feedback: Impaired skin integrity is a high-probability risk in patients receiving traction. Falls
are not a threat, due to the patient's immobility. There are not normally high risks of fluid imbalance or
aspiration associated with traction. - ✔✔A nurse is planning the care of a patient who will require a
prolonged course of skeletal traction. When planning this patient's care, the nurse should prioritize
interventions related to which of the following risk nursing diagnoses?
A) Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
B) Risk for Falls
C) Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume
D) Risk for Aspiration
Ans: A Feedback: Improving function is the overarching goal after orthopedic surgery. Some patients
may need to come to terms with limitations, but this is not true of every patient. Safe medication
administration is imperative, but this is not a goal that guides other aspects of care. Similarly,
adherence to treatment is important, but this is motivated by the need to improve functional status. -
✔✔A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has undergone orthopedic surgery. What main goal
should guide the nurse's choice of interventions?
A) Improving the patient's level of function
B) Helping the patient come to terms with limitations
C) Administering medications safely
D) Improving the patient's adherence to treatment
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, STUVIA 2024/2025
Ans: A Feedback: Knots in the rope should not rest against pulleys, because this interferes with
traction. Weights are used to apply the vector of force necessary to achieve effective traction and
should hang freely at all times. To avoid interrupting traction, the limb in traction should not rest
against anything. Skeletal traction is never interrupted. - ✔✔The nurse educator on an orthopedic
trauma unit is reviewing the safe and effective use of traction with some recent nursing graduates.
What principle should the educator promote?
A) Knots in the rope should not be resting against pulleys.
B) Weights should rest against the bed rails.
C) The end of the limb in traction should be braced by the footboard of the bed.
D) Skeletal traction may be removed for brief periods to facilitate the patient's independence.
Ans: A Feedback: Peroneal nerve injury may result in numbness, tingling, and burning in the feet.
Cyanosis, pallor, and decreased capillary refill are signs of inadequate circulation. - ✔✔A nurse is
admitting a patient to the unit who presented with a lower extremity fracture. What signs and
symptoms would suggest to the nurse that the patient may have aperoneal nerve injury?
A) Numbness and burning of the foot
B) Pallor to the dorsal surface of the foot
C) Visible cyanosis in the toes
D) Inadequate capillary refill to the toes
%
Ans: A Feedback: Signs of DVT include increased warmth, redness, swelling, and calf tenderness.
These findings are promptly reported to the physician for definitive evaluation and therapy. Signs and
symptoms of a DVT do not include a decreased circumference of the calf, a loss of sensation in the
calf, or a pale-appearing calf. - ✔✔The nursing care plan for a patient in traction specifies regular
assessments for venous thromboembolism (VTE). When assessing a patient's lower limbs, what sign
or symptom is suggestive of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
A) Increased warmth of the calf
B) Decreased circumference of the calf
C) Loss of sensation to the calf
D) Pale-appearing calf
Ans: A Feedback: The hips should be kept in abduction by an abductor pillow. Hips should not be
flexed more than 90 degrees, and the head of bed should not be elevated more than 60 degrees. The
patient's hips should be higher than the knees; as such, high seat chairs should be used. - ✔✔A
nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative day 1 right hip replacement. How should the nurse
position the patient?
A) Keep the patient's hips in abduction at all times.
B) Keep hips flexed at no less than 90 degrees.
C) Elevate the head of the bed to high Fowler's.
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