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  • August 11, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • chapter 15 adrenergic agonists and antagonists

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STUVIA 2024/2025
Chapter 15: Adrenergic Agonists and
Antagonists
A patient has been started on a treatment regimen that includes atenolol (Tenormin) and complains to
the nurse of feeling weak and fatigued. Which is the best response from the nurse?
a. "I will hold your next dose of the medication."
b. "You may need an increase in your next dose of the medication."
c. "This is an adverse reaction to the medication. I will stop the drug."
d. "This is a side effect of the medication. I will notify your physician." - ✔✔ANS: D

Weakness and fatigue can be a side effect of atenolol. Beta blockers should not be stopped abruptly.

A patient is taking doxazosin mesylate (Cardura) 1 mg/day to treat hypertension. The nurse notes a
blood pressure of 110/72 mm Hg and a heart rate of 92 beats per minute. The nurse will contact the
provider to discuss which change to the drug regimen?
a. Changing to a beta-adrenergic blocker
b. Decreasing the drug dose
c. Increasing the drug dose
d. Adding a diuretic - ✔✔ANS: A
%


Alpha-adrenergic blockers can cause orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia. Beta blockers
do not cause reflex tachycardia. Decreasing or increasing the drug dose is not recommended.
Diuretics are added if blood pressure is not well controlled.

A patient who has asthma is diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse understands that which drug
will be the safest to give this patient?
a. Pindolol (Visken)
b. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
c. Nadolol (Corgard)
d. Propranolol (Inderal) - ✔✔ANS: B

Metoprolol is a cardioselective adrenergic blocker that has a greater affinity for receptors that
decrease heart rate and blood pressure and is less likely to cause bronchospasm. The other
adrenergic blockers are not selective and can cause bronchoconstriction.

A patient who has Raynaud's disease will begin taking an alpha-adrenergic blocker. The patient asks
the nurse how the drug works to treat symptoms. The nurse explains that alpha-adrenergic blockers
treat Raynaud's disease by causing:
a. decreased peripheral vascular resistance.


stuvia

, STUVIA 2024/2025
b. orthostatic hypotension.
c. reflex tachycardia.
d. vasodilation. - ✔✔ANS: D

Alpha-adrenergic blockers can be used to treat peripheral vascular disorders like Raynaud's disease
because they cause vasodilation.

A patient will be discharged home on a beta blocker. Which skill is essential for the nurse to teach the
patient's family?
a. How to prepare a low-sodium diet
b. Assessments to detect fluid retention
c. How to monitor heart rate and blood pressure
d. Early signs of changing level of consciousness - ✔✔ANS: C

Because of the action and side effects of beta blockers, heart rate and blood pressure should be
monitored frequently.

A patient will begin taking albuterol (Proventil) to treat asthma. The patient has no other chronic
medical conditions. When teaching the patient about this drug, the nurse will make which
recommendation?
%

a. Report rapid or irregular heart rate.
b. Drink 8 to 16 extra ounces of fluid each day.
c. Monitor serum glucose daily.
d. Take a calcium supplement. - ✔✔ANS: A

High dosages of albuterol may affect beta1 receptors, causing an increase in heart rate that could be
dangerous. It is not necessary to consume extra fluids or take a calcium supplement while using this
drug. Serum glucose may be elevated slightly, but this is not a concern in patients without diabetes.

An adult patient is brought to the emergency department for treatment of an asthma exacerbation.
The patient uses inhaled albuterol as needed to control wheezing. The nurse notes expiratory
wheezing, tremors, restlessness, and a heart rate of 120 beats per minute. The nurse suspects that
the patient has:
a. overused the albuterol.
b. not been using albuterol.
c. taken a beta-adrenergic blocker.
d. taken a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. - ✔✔ANS: A

High doses of albuterol may affect beta1 receptors, causing an increase in heart rate. Patients having
an asthma exacerbation may overuse their albuterol inhalers when seeking relief. Patients may have


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