Hallux abductus progresses, touches against 2nd digit
FHL & FHB gain lateral mechanical advantage
Crista starts to erode
*Stage 3*
Further subluxation at 1st MPJ, formation of IMA
IMA increases secondary to retrograde forces from abductor hallucis
*Stage 4*
Hallux subluxes & dislocates on 1st metatarsal
Increased crista erosion
What is the toxic dose of vicryl?(Prism pg27) - Answer: 1-2 lbs
,What is the Regnauld Classification for and its grades? - Answer: *Hallux Limitus Classification*
Grade 1 - functional hallux limitus with dorsal spurring
Intact sesamoids with no associated disease
Joint enlargement but joint space narrowing and arthrosis
<40° dorsiflexion and <20° plantarflexion
Grade 2 - broad flat metatarsal head with structural elevatus and significant spurring
Pain at rest
Osteochondral defects in metatarsal head and sesamoidal hypertrophy
Joint space hypertrophy and narrowing
75% decrease in total ROM
Grade 3 - ankylosis and articular hypertrophy with extensive peri-articular osteophytes
Osteochondral defect with joint mice and extensive 1st metatarsal-sesamoid disease
Severe loss of joint space or collapse of joint → bone on bone
FDL contracture
The "C" in CRP stands for what? - Answer: substance in serum that reacts with C- polysaccharide of
pneumococcus
What is a Gustillo Anderson type 2? - Answer: Open Fx Wound 1-10 cm in diameter + soft tissue damage
What is the Jahss Classification for and its types? (Prism p48, Watkins p464) - Answer: 1st Metatarsal
Dislocations:
*Type l* - dorsal dislocation of proximal phalanx and sesamoids with intact intersesamoid ligament
*Type 2* - dorsal dislocation of proximal phalanx and sesamoids
, 2A - intact sesamoids with ruptured of intersesamoid ligament
2B - transverse fracture of sesamoid with intact intersesamoid ligament
What is a Gustillo Anderson type 3 A? - Answer: Open Fx Wound >10 cm + Adequate soft tissue
coverage
ACE stands for what? - Answer: all cotton elastic
What is the Stewart Classification used for and its types? (Prism p49) - Answer: 5th Metatarsal Fractures
Type 1 - extra-articular fracture at metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction (true Jones fracture)
Type 2 - intra-articular avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal base
Type 3 - extra-articular avulsion fracture of styloid process of 5th metatarsal base
Type 4 - intra-articular comminuted fracture of 5th metatarsal base
Type 5 - extra-articular avulsion of epiphysis in children
Warfarin came from what? - Answer: Originally used for rat poison
What is a Gustillo Anderson type 3 B? - Answer: Open Fx Wound >10 cm +Periosteal stripping
What is Rosenthal Classification used for and its zones? (Prism p47) - Answer: Nail Injury
Zone 1 - distal to bony phalanx
Zone 2 - distal to lunula
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