BIO 114 Test 1 Ch 1, 2, & 3 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 114
Institution
BIO 114
Define the term biology The study of life
List the common characteristics shared by all living things 1. Composed of cells 2. Organized in complex arrangements 3. Detect and respond to stimuli 4. Maintain homeostasis 5. Grow and develop 6. Reproduce 7. Have metabolism
Distinguish between growth a...
BIO 114 Test 1 Ch 1, 2, & 3 Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Define the term biology ✅The study of life
List the common characteristics shared by all living things ✅1. Composed of cells
2. Organized in complex arrangements
3. Detect and respond to stimuli
4. Maintain homeostasis
5. Grow and develop
6. Reproduce
7. Have metabolism
Distinguish between growth and development ✅Growth is an increase in size while
development is maturation
Describe the basic processes in humans and other animals ✅1. Respiration: required
oxygen is obtained from the environment and carbon dioxide is released as waste
(inhale, exhale)
2. Digestion: converts nutrients into simple absorbable substances, mechanically
(chewing your food) and chemically (pectin will break down food)
3. Circulation: internal movement and distribution of oxygen, wastes, and digestion
products, heart muscles pumps blood through your arteries to bring nutrients and get rid
of waste
4. Excretion: undigested food and wastes of metabolism eliminated from body through
bladder (urine, feces, sweat)
Explain the link between anatomy and physiology ✅Anatomy is the structure of
something while physiology is the function of something. Structure and function are
interrelated. Structure determines function
Describe macroscopic and microscopic anatomy ✅Macroscopic can be seen without
the use of a microscope while microscope goes much deeper and a microscope is
needed to view
Predict what would happen to the function of a structure if its anatomy were altered ✅If
the anatomy was altered, the structure would not have its normal function. It may not
function at all depending on the types of alterations
Name the simplest level of organization that includes the smallest living units in the
body ✅The simplest level of organization is the chemical level. It contains cells
, Define organ ✅An organ is composed two or more tissues working together to perform
a specific function
Describe the general roles of the different types of muscle tissue ✅1. Skeletal muscle:
moves bones and other structures
2. Cardiac muscle: contracts the heart to pump blood
3. Smooth muscle: forms organs like the stomach and bladder changes shape to
facilitate bodily functions
Identify the four primary tissue types and explain the functions of each ✅1. Epithelial:
protects surfaces
2. Connective: structural support
3. Muscle: contracts
4. Nervous: electrical impulses (neurons)
Which two organ systems are involved with circulation within the body? ✅The heart
and the lungs
How would a nervous system disorder affect the muscular system? ✅The nervous
system responds to something. Without the nervous system you can't tell yourself to
move or use your muscles. If you don't tell your body to move, your muscles could
become flappy, or you could injure yourself depending on the circumstance
What is the order of organization? ✅1. Chemical level
2. Cellular level
3. Tissue level
4. Organ level
5. Organ system level
6. Organism level
Define histology ✅The study of tissues
Identify the 11 organ systems of the human body and describe the major function of
each ✅1. Integumentary: protection; regulates body temperature
2. Skeletal: support, protection, stores minerals from blood
3. Muscular: produces movement, support, heat
4. Nervous: directs responses, coordinates activities
5. Endocrine: directs long-term changes; hormones
6. Cardiovascular: transports substances through blood
7. Lymphatic: defends, returns tissue fluid to blood
8. Respiratory: delivers air, produces sound
9. Digestive: processes food, absorbs nutrients
10. Urinary: eliminates water, salt, waste; controls pH
11. Reproductive: produces sex cells, hormones
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