These notes contain not only information from the textbook given by the exam board, but using my independent research and other textbooks from different exam boards suitable for A level knowledge. In total there are 14 documents of notes created by myself with numerous pages per document.
These...
- From 1524-28, Wolsey closed 29 monasteries with less than 12 people.
- Removed heads of monasteries deemed unfit
- 1535 = the Visitation was a survey of the monasteries carried out by local
gentry as commissioners to assess payments due under the 1534 Act of
Supremacy and this report was known as the Valor Ecclesiasticus
- Cromwell sent a second set of commissioners to investigate the moral and
spiritual standards in the monasteries
- The visitations were done by representatives of Cromwell and visited the
monasteries to ensure the survey was correct and found that : the total income
of religious houses was £160,000 (per year) which was three times more than
royal estates, income came from rents/pilgrimages/bequests
- 1536 Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries defined monasteries with an
income less than £200 per year and there were over 300 in England. When a
monastery was dissolved the Commissioners visited and took the valuables like
gold ornaments
- The Head of house had a pension
- 1536 Court of Augmentations set up which was in charge of administration of
monasti lands and wealth confiscated during the Dissolution of Monasteries.
This wealth was used to reward loyal nobles and fund military campaigns
(increasing Henry’s power).
- 1538 larger houses were dissolved and anyone who opposed were tried and
executed in their own monastery, so most surrendered. Abbots and monks
received pensions
- By 1540, 800 monasteries had been dissolved.
- 1543-47 ⅔ of all ex monastic land was sold to pay for defences/war with
France and Spain. Resale value of monastic land was £1.3 million.
Consequences:
➔ 8,000 monks and friars were dispossessed but most got pensions and by 1551
this pension scheme was costing the Treasury £44,000 a year.
➔ The disposed 2,000 nuns did poorly = couldn’t marry or get a job
➔ Abbots lost their seats in Parliament, lessening the ecclesiastical influence in
gov
➔ End of monastic charity led to an increase in poverty in the 16th century –
according to the Valor Ecclesiasticus only 2% of a religious house’s income
was given to the poor which would suggest it did not make a lot of difference.
There were other reasons for the rise in poverty; rising population, pressure on
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