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class b surface water operator exam questions and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
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class b surface water operator examIdentify the parameters of concern for source water improvements.
1. solids/ turbidity-measure of matter in water
2.temperature-affect on water density
3.color, taste, and odor-microorganisms produces metabolites like Methylisoborneol (MIB)
and Geosmin.
Watershed->NOM->TOC that include humic and fulvic acid
4.nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients- cause microorganism to grow and they come from
septic systems, wastewater plants discharge, farm runoff...
5.organic carbon- 2 groups: NOC and SOC/VOC
natural organic carbon (NOM): include fulvic and humic acid that come from rock formation.
synthetic organic carbon and volatile organic carbon (SOC/VOC): come from industrial and
chemical waste
6.microbial pathogens- contaminates such as GIARDIA and CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. present
in rivers and streams are caused by septic systems, wastewater plants discharge, farm
runoff...
a + fecal coliform test mens the contaminates are present
7.metals-can be toxic and bio-accumulative., regulated by the SWDA that sets the Max.
Contaminant Level (MCL).
8.oil and grease-prevent oxygen from dissolving in water
9.dissolved oxygen- lack of oxygen in water, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur are present &
causes iron and manganese to be released causing taste and odor problems
Describe source water improvement methods
reservoirs- have slow movement which allows solids to settle
aeration- saturate water with oxygen.
oxidizes iron and manganese, remove dissolved gases, cools hot water...
,reservoir destratification- remove temperature layers.
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TRUE OR FALSE: copper sulfate effectively controls all types of algae at low doses
False, dose depends on water temperature
Solids and turbidity come from urban runoff, streambank erosion, agricultural runoff, and
______.
a. point sources
b. stack emissions
c. treatment sludge
d. algae
Algae
Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus are septic systems, landfill leachate, urban and
agricultural runoff, animal feed lots, and _______.
a. the air
b. wind
c. sunlight
d. all listed
The air
Some metals are removed by ______ and ______.
a. screening, filtration
b. coagulation, adsorption
c. coagulation, screening
d. aeration, adsorption
Coagulation and absorption
Reservoirs provide a quiet zone of _______ for sedimentation
a. no movement
,b. wave action
c. wind currents
d. slow movement
slow movement
Aeration oxidizes iron and manganese forming ______ removed by sedimentationa.
insoluble precipitates
b. soluble precipitates
c. coagulated solids
d. insoluble coagulants
insoluble precipitates
Disadvantages of spray aerators are moisture from drift, water loss to evaporation, down
time in freezing weather, and ______.
a. wood rot
b. loud noise
c. biological growth
d. strong odor
Biological growth
Cascade aerators are waterfall devices that create turbulence for oxygen transfer, odor and
gas removal, and some disinfection by ________.
a. wind
b. sunlight
c. agitation
d. aeration
Sunlight
A pH change in aerated source water occurs if ______ was present.
a. calcium carbonate
b. ferric sulfate
c. sodium bicarbonate
d. carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide
_________ is an odorless gas that flashes off upon aeration.
a. Methane
b. Hydrogen sulfide
c. Ammonia
d. Oxygen
Methane
, Free-flowing streams usually have small traces of ______ and ______, due to runoff, then
concentrates them in reservoirs.
a. Fe, Mn
b. CO2, H2S
c. NH3, O2
d. H2, O2
Fe and Mn.
Soluble iron is removed by aeration, forming insoluble ferric ________.
a. carbonate
b. sulfate
c. hydroxide
d. bicarbonate
Hydroxide
Manganous sulfate is removed by aeration, forming insoluble manganese ________.
a. dioxide
b. sulfate
c. bicarbonate
d. hydroxide
Dioxide
The first advantage of destratification is elimination of_______.
a. algal blooms
b. CO2 gas
c. anaerobic conditions
d. dissolved oxygen
anaerobic conditions
The five criteria affecting copper sulfate use are
alkalinity, suspended matter, temperature, amount of algae present, and type of algae
If methyl orange alkalinity is less than 50 mg/L, copper sulfate is effective at ______ pounds
per acre-foot.
a. 0.7
a. 0.8
b. 0.9
c. 1.0
0.9.......& if alkalinity is greater than 50 mg/L the rate should be 5.4 pounds per acre-foot
A pH of _____ to _____ is the best for copper sulfate reactivity
a. 8, 9
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