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NUR 384 Exam 3 Guide With Complete Solution
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NUR 384 Exam 3 Guide WithComplete Solution
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) - ANSWER A type of psychotherapy that
helps a person recognize distorted/negative thinking with the goal of
changing thought and behaviors to respond to changes in a more positive
manner.
Depressive episode - ANSWER An episode where the person experiences a
depressed mood (feeling sad, irritable, empty) or a loss of pleasure or
interest in activities for most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two
weeks. Several other symptoms are also present, which may include poor
concentration, feelings of excessive guilt or low self-worth, hopelessness
about the future, thoughts about dying or suicide, disrupted sleep, changes
in appetite or weight, and feeling especially tired or low in energy.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) - ANSWER A medical treatment reserved for
patients with severe major depression who have not responded to
medications, psychotherapy, or other treatments. It involves a brief electrical
stimulation of the brain while the patient is under anesthesia.
Group therapy - ANSWER A type of psychotherapy that brings people with
similar disorders together in a supportive environment to learn how others
cope in similar situations.
Hypertensive crisis - ANSWER An acute rise and significantly elevated blood
pressure, typically over 180/120 mm Hg, that causes acute end-organ
damage such as stroke, myocardial infarction, or acute kidney damage. It can
,be caused by MAOIs, a class of antidepressants.
Light therapy - ANSWER Therapy for seasonal affective disorder (SAD) that
involves sitting in front of a light therapy box that emits a very bright light. It
usually requires 20 minutes or more per day, typically first thing in the
morning during the winter months. Most people see some improvements
from light therapy within one or two weeks of beginning treatment.
Perinatal depression - ANSWER Depressive disorder that occurs during
pregnancy.
Postpartum depression - ANSWER Feelings of extreme sadness, anxiety, and
exhaustion that may make it difficult for mothers of newborns to complete
daily care activities for themselves and/or for their babies. Severe
postpartum depression can lead to postpartum psychosis.
Postpartum psychosis - ANSWER Severe postpartum depression can cause
delusions (thoughts or beliefs that are not true), hallucinations (seeing,
hearing, or smelling things that are not there), mania (a high, elated mood
that often seems out of touch with reality), paranoia, and confusion. Women
who have postpartum psychosis are at risk for harming themselves or their
child and should receive help as soon as possible by calling 911 or taking the
mother to the emergency room.
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) - ANSWER A type of depression causing
symptoms during the fall and winter months when there is less sunlight and
usually improves with the arrival of spring. SAD is more than just "winter
blues." The symptoms can be distressing and overwhelming and can interfere
with daily functioning.
Serotonin syndrome - ANSWER A medical emergency that can occur in clients
,taking medications that affect serotonin levels.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) - ANSWER A noninvasive procedure
that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve
symptoms of depression when other depression treatments haven't been
effective.
Bipolar I Disorder - ANSWER The most severe bipolar disorder with at least
one manic episode; most individuals experience additional hypomanic and
depressive episodes.
Bipolar II Disorder - ANSWER A pattern of depressive episodes and
hypomanic episodes, but individuals have never experienced a full-blown
manic episode typical of Bipolar I Disorder.
Catatonia - ANSWER A state of unresponsiveness due to a person's mental
state.
Cyclothymia - ANSWER A disorder defined by periods of hypomanic
symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least two years
(1 year in children and adolescents). However, the symptoms do not meet the
diagnostic requirements for hypomanic episodes or depressive episodes.
Family-focused therapy - ANSWER Psychotherapy that focuses on
psychoeducation, communication enhancement training, and
problem-solving skills. It includes attention to family dynamics and
relationships as contributing factors to the client's mood.
Grandiose delusions - ANSWER A symptom associated with bipolar disorders
of feeling unusually important, talented, or powerful.
Hypomanic episode - ANSWER Episodes similar to symptoms of a manic
, episode, but they are less severe and do not cause significant impairment in
social or occupational functioning or require hospitalization.
Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) - ANSWER Psychotherapy
that emphasizes the importance of establishing stable daily routines such as
sleeping, waking up, working, and eating meals.
Manic episode - ANSWER A persistently elevated or irritable mood with
abnormally increased energy lasting at least one week. The mood
disturbance is severe and causes marked impairment in social or occupational
function. Severe episodes often require hospitalization to prevent harm to
self or others.
Psychotherapy - ANSWER A variety of treatment techniques that help an
individual identify and change troubling emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.
Rapid cycling - ANSWER At least four mood episodes associated with bipolar
disorder occurring in a 12-month period.
Acetylcholine - ANSWER A neurotransmitter that stimulates nicotinic and
muscarinic receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system.
Adrenergic agonists - ANSWER Substances that stimulate SNS receptors and
cause effects similar to epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Adrenergic antagonists - ANSWER Substances that block SNS receptors.
Agranulocytosis - ANSWER Extremely low white blood cell count and an
adverse effect
of clozapine and antipsychotic medication.
Anticholinergics - ANSWER Substances that block the effects of PNS
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