Unit 11 - Forensic Traffic Collision Investigation
Essay
Understand legislation that applies to road traffic collision examination
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Unit 11 - Forensic Traffic Collision Investigation
Instelling
PEARSON (PEARSON)
A written report, including a description of the road traffic acts, explaining and evaluating them in relation to road traffic investigation.
This assignment was graded a distinction, so guarantees a good grade
Unit 11 - Forensic Traffic Collision Investigation
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11D- Legislations on the road:
P6 - Explain the purpose of legislations:
Legal limits for alcohol in body fluids:
In the UK, there is a legal quantity of alcohol units, in which a person is seen as fit to drive.
Alcohol can inebriate a driver to make them take more risks. In addition, this will impact their
reaction speed and coordination when driving under the influence.
Alcohol units are the legal units making a drive fit to drive and control a vehicle. A single
alcohol unit is 8g/10g of pure alcohol, or 80mg per 100ml of blood. The lower the units,
means the person is considered to be more in control of themself when they are driving.
Legally, a person can drive under 4 units of alcohol, in the United Kingdom, any more than
that is considered illegal driving. When a driver is suspected to be drunk driving, the police
can ask them to take a breathalyser test.
If the driver fails or refuses to take the test, the police have a right to arrest the individual.
This Legislation exists as drunk driving falls under the category of dangerous/reckless
driving. This legislation can help collision investigators to identify who was at fault in the
collision. Whilst this legislation does make the roads safer and has reduced the amount of
collisions caused by drunk driving, it is still a common cause.
Alcohol limits are made so everyone on the road or in the surrounding areas are safe. When
a person reaches above 4 alcohol units, they are now illegally in control of a vehicle. Alcohol
limits are put in place to ensure all drivers are concentrated, of their own judgement and are
fit to be in control of a vehicle. By having this in place, it limits the possibility of unsafe
driving.
Drug Laws:
Drug laws in the UK are set to enforce a zero-tolerance to driving under drug influence. This
offence is needed to make sure drivers take full responsibility for their actions white driving.
Drugs can influence a driver’s reaction time, their ability to make suitable judgements and
have full control over their vehicle. Without these factors, an accident is at risk of occurring.
During an investigation, if the police suspect the driver is under the influence of drugs, they
have authority to ask the driver to complete an impairment assessment. This includes
making a person walk in a straight line or standing on one leg. If a police officer believes the
driver hasn’t successfully passed the impairment test or requires more proof, they are
allowed to ask for a saliva sample to test possible drugs in the drivers system.
Driving under the influence of drugs is considered dangerous driving. All of these regulations
are put in place to protect drivers from driving under the influence. It stops any tolerance of
illegal substances being used when driving, and convictions of this include fines, criminal
records and possible licence ban. All of these convictions are made to stop careless drivers
and to protect persons in the area from harm. Furthermore, it can help traffic collision
, investigators to confirm if the driver was intoxicated during the accident which can therefore
suggest who is at fault.
Speeding Laws:
Speeding regulations are made based on the type of road being driven on, the surrounding
area and the appropriate speed the driver should travel on those roads. The suitable speed
at which drivers should be travelling on urban area roads is no more than 30mph. Most
roads have a speed limit, this means drivers mustn't reach above the limit. For urban areas,
the limit is 30mph or lower due to pedestrians and road activity, which can increase the risks
of an accident, if drivers reach above the speed limit.
Speeding is a careless behaviour and mindset towards driving. This is why speed limits have
been put in place to protect people from dangerous driving. They are also put in place to
reduce fatalities in the case of a collision. Speeding limits are in place for all roads, the
government has specific national road limits to make the limit more identifiable, all roads
should be marked with the appropriate speed. If a person is caught speeding, they may
receive a fine of £100 with 3 penalty points on their licence. If you are a new driver between
1-2 years of having your licence, it can be permanently removed from you.
Speeding legislations are helpful to investigators as it can be used to determine if the
vehicles involved in a collision were travelling at the appropriate speed for the area the
collision occurred in.
Ages for driving:
In the UK, the age for a person to begin learning to drive a car is 17, whereas they can
legally drive a moped at 16. There are minimum age limits for driving different vehicles.
There must be age limits for driving certain vehicles as they vary in difficulty when handling
the vehicle. The heavier the vehicle, the more difficult it is to control, and so the chance of
collisions is higher. As a result, the more advanced drivers would be able to handle more
difficult vehicles.
A person is able to begin learning to drive a car at 17 in the UK as this is seen as the age in
which teenagers become responsible, they are a year away from being considered a legal
adult. In addition, without a driving age limit, it means that any person could drive a vehicle.
People must have an understanding of how the road will work, have understanding of drug
use and alcohol use and other knowledge which a person under 16 may not be aware of. In
addition, it helps prevent illegal driving underage. Also a person must have a provisional
licence and an accompanied adult over 18 years old who has passed their test (when the
young person's learning). This ensures they are supervised when learners are driving on the
road to prevent any accidents.
Investigators find this helpful as they can identify who is suitable to control certain vehicles. It
can be used to confirm a driver causing an accident due to their inexperienced driving.
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