NSG 555 Quiz 2 Module 5 CV Part 1 CAD Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 555
Institution
NSG 555
Carotid artery disease carotid stenosis Narrowing of extracranial arteries. More prevalent with HTN and HD
Symptomatic carotid stenosis focal neuro dysfunction like TIA, ischemic strokep
Pathophys carotid artery disease caused by conditions that cause atherosclerotic plaque: Turbulent flow due to...
NSG 555 Quiz 2 Module 5 CV Part 1 CAD
Questions and Correct Answers
Carotid artery disease ✅carotid stenosis
Narrowing of extracranial arteries.
More prevalent with HTN and HD
Symptomatic carotid stenosis ✅focal neuro dysfunction like TIA, ischemic strokep
Pathophys carotid artery disease ✅caused by conditions that cause atherosclerotic
plaque:
Turbulent flow due to change in vessel caliber
Variable shear stress
Flow separation
Increased contact time between particles in the blood
Fatty streak: monocytes that diff. Into macrophages or foam cells-->plaque
Clinical presentation/exam of carotid artery disease ✅contralateral weakness of
face/arm or both, contralateral paresthesia, ipsilateral blindness.
STROKE symptoms
Neck auscultation may elicit a carotid bruit. Not common
Diagnostics carotid artery disease ✅duplex ultrasound is first line.
Can also to CTA
MRA IF duplex can't be obtained, inconclusive
When is carotid duplex ultrasound indicated? ✅-if known stenosis in asymptomatic
patients
-vascular assessment in patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis: HTN, HLD,
tobacco, family history
-stroke risk assessment in pt with symptomatic coronary artery or peripheral artery
disease
-plaques on retina
-tias
Stroke in candidate for carotid revascularization
-s/p revascularization
-
What does CK measure? ✅muscle damage. CK-MB is specific to cardio
Tropin measures ✅proteins are released when the heart muscle has been damaged,
such as occurs with a heart attack. The more damage there is to the heart, the greater
the amount of troponin T and I there will be in the blood.
Dif dx carotid stenosis ✅any other stroke causes
Carotid stenosis management ✅STOP smoking
Start statin, antihtn and antipltlt
Statin--goal for LDL <100
HTN management: keep below 130/80
Antiplatelet--aspirin 75-325 mg or plavix. May benefit from both
HTN management stage 1 vs stage 2 ✅thiazide diuretic, CCB, ACEI or ARB
Stage 2 may need combination
Carotid endarterectomy ✅incision of artery, evert the plaque, close the hold with a
different veine or something else (Dacron, bovine pericardium)
Can be done for hx TIA or stroke or symptomatic patient if 70-99% occluded
If no symptoms or not concluded enough no increased benefic
Chronic stable angina ✅chest pain with exertion, relieved by rest. Due to reduced o2
supply to myocardium (ischemia)
Asymptomatic coronary heart disease ✅more common than exertional. Evidence of
ischemia but no s/s.
Use ambulatory ekg. Increased risk of sudden death and MI. People with prior MI are
more at risk and with dbts
Microvascular angina ✅women more affected than men. Chest discomfort with
exercise + positive stress test but no obstruction of coronary arteries (seen with
angiography). May be due to microvascular dysfunction or spasms that decrease blood
supply to coronary arteries.
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