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ACBS 160D1 Midterm Review. 176 Questions and Correct Answers, 100% Correct. Updated 2024/2025.
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ACBS 160D1 Midterm Review. 176 Questions and Correct Answers, 100% Correct. Updated 2024/2025.
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ACBS 160D1 Midterm Review. 176Questions and Correct Answers, 100%
Correct. Updated 2024/2025.
3 course themes
1. Close relationship humans have with particular species
2. Ethical implications of animal use
3. Causes and consequences of domestication
"Human- animal" distinction
originated with domestication of animals, justified by Western philosophers
Way to describe relationship between animals
Ecological interrelationships that include 3 common types of symbioses
Ancestors recognize danger and food value of animals because of
the brain's visual system evolved to quickly identify/ recognize animals
Country where dogs are eaten
South Korea
Fire was used to
Cook meat for easier digestion
Savanna trees are preferred because
They invoke a subconscious attraction inherited by evolutionary ancestors AND important to ancestors as
sleeping and escaping predators
"Sally Anne" false belief test is
Measure of high level of cognitive empathy
Hominins of first wave are called
Homo erectus
Hominins of second are were called
Homo sapiens
Interactions between first and second wave:
interbred, then second out competed the first
,Cave paintings appeared
40,000 BP among Homo sapiens
Domestication defined as
animals held in captivity/ enclosures, restricted in breeding, and mutual dependence
Problem with wolf "adaptation" hypothesis
Cannot bread/ train uncooperative wolves
"In Man Created Dog" what traits lead wolves survival advantage around humans?
Least aggressive, least territorial, most curious
Accidental products of inbreeding
Increased hip joint problems, incidence of cancer, "hidden" genetic diseases
Dogs attuned to human
Spoken words, eye gaze direction, and pointing
Human and dog evolved attunement/ competency
Dog puppies without prior experience show high sensitivity to human gestures and voice commands
Wolf pups raised by humans show same attachment and attention to owners as dog puppies do
False
Two breeds of dogs that contribute to majority of serious dog bite attacks
Pit bulls and Rottweilers
Pet keeping is (evolutionary benefit)
"Cute response," variable across cultures, found in other species, more frequent in cultures where
people can afford them
Suitable characteristics for domestication by humans (4)
Males affiliated with animal's social group, omnivorous diet, promiscuous mating behavior, short flight
distance
Pathways to domestication
Commensal, prey, and directed
Horticulturalists
Hunter gathers, settled and became first farmers
Archaeological evidence from Neolithic age shows
, First settlements was 20 mud walled houses
Homo erectus expanded out of, into
Africa into Eurasia
Red Era
2nd migration 100,000 BP
Approach used to understand complexity of relationship with animals is
based on scientific evidence, examines development of relationships over time, multi-disciplinary, and
geographic region, and cultural contexts
Non- Western cultures view animals as
Incorporated into their spiritual or religious beliefs
3 types of symbioses
Mutalism, commercialism, and parasitism
Western philosophers Aristotle and Kant favored
Human- animal divide on grounds that animals lack capacity to reason or rationality
Theory of Mind helped ancestors
Anticipate movements and habits of prey, take mental perspective of animals they hunted, imagine,
anticipate, and plan for future
What drove ancestral humans out of Africa
Population expansion and need for large hunting territories
Evidence of early domestication of dogs by humans
Dog skills found at mammoth mega sites, dog skulls found with healed fractures, dog skeletons found
with human skeletons
Partnership (Fagan) describes
Modern Western societies have deep relationship with animals
Bipedal running in our ancestors allowed
Brain growth and hunting large game
Empathy of both humans and animals
Emotional
Modern dogs evolved from
Animal similar to gray wolf
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