Straighterline Microbiology Final
Koch - correct answer Who developed a set of criteria that could be used to establish a
causative link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease?
Jenner - correct answer Who is credited with developing and documenting the first vaccination
procedure against smallpox?
Tyndall - correct answer Whose work on spontaneous generation first demonstrated the
existence of a very heat-resistant form of bacteria that are called endospores?
Evidence supporting RNA as primary role in evolution of life - correct answer - Some RNA
molecules are catalytic
- RNA catalyzes peptide bond formation during protein synthesis
- ATP (energy currency of cell) is a ribonucleotide
- RNA can regulate gene expression
False - correct answer True or False: Fungi is a protist
Protein - correct answer What does RNA convert information stored in DNA into?
Woese - correct answer Who began the ribosomal RNA studies that led to the division of
prokaryotic organisms into the Bacteria and the Archaea?
Eukaryotes (Fungi) - correct answer A nonmotile organism composed of long threadlike
structures formed from nucleated cells that is not-photosynthetic and absorbs its nutrients is
likely classified among ________________.
Fluorescence Microscope - correct answer A microscope that exposes specimens to ultraviolet,
violet or blue light and forms an image with the light emitted as a different wavelength
Safranin - correct answer The counterstain in the gram-stain
Purple; colorless - correct answer After the decolorizer has been added, gram-positive
organisms are stained __________ and gram-negative organisms are stained __________.
Decreases - correct answer As the magnification of a series of objective lenses increases, the
working distance ____________.
Mycolic Acids - correct answer Acid-fast organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis
contain lipids constructed from what in their cell walls?
Food and water - correct answer Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis is particularly
important in public health because in this application, microbiologists seek to identify microbial
pathogens in __________.
Rickettsia - correct answer According to genome analysis, a member of the genus
_____________ is most closely related to the mitochondrion.
, Straighterline Microbiology Final
"Gold Standard" Taxonomic Methods - correct answer - DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH)
- Melting temperature of the DNA (a reflection of the G + C content)
- Average nucleotide identity
Anagenesis - correct answer Small, random genetic changes that occur over generations
Reasons why some scientists believe the term "prokaryote" is an artificial designation and
should be discarded - correct answer - Some bacteria have internal membrane structures
- Some bacteria have their genetic material enclosed within a membrane
- Many bacteria have cytoskeletal elements
Bacterial plasmids...... - correct answer - Can replicate independently of the chromosome
- May carry genes for drug resistance
- May carry genes that enhance survival of the bacterium under certain conditions
Characteristics of Active Transport - correct answer - Saturable uptake rate
- Use of ATP or a proton gradient as a source of metabolic energy
- Can move materials against a concentration gradient
Amphipathic - correct answer Lipids with polar and nonpolar ends
Gram stain reaction of archaeal cells - correct answer Some are gram-positive and some are
gram-negative due to the diverse chemical structure
Lysosomes - correct answer Food vacuoles and phagocytic vacuoles are most similar to
__________.
Protozoan - correct answer A unicellular microbe with a membrane bound nucleus containing
linear chromosomes, mitochondria, 80s ribosomes, covered by cilia and has no cell wall
external to the plasma membrane is likely a ______________.
Autophagosome - correct answer A special type of lysosome used by a cell to selectively digest
and recycle cytoplasmic contents, such as mitochondria.
10-400 nm - correct answer Virion size range
PrP^c folds appropriately whereas PrP^sc does not - correct answer The most notable
difference between PrP^c (normal protein) and PrP^sc (prion protein)
Eimeria - correct answer What apicomplexan genera causes coccidiosis in chickens?
Rotting log - correct answer Likely location to find a slime mold
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