Heredity and Genetics C652 WGU Study Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
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Course
WGU C652
Institution
WGU C652
gene - Answer a string of nucleotides within a DNA molecule that is the basic structural and functional unit of genetics
allele - Answer this is the term for one of a number of different forms of a gene
phenotype - Answer physical characteristics of an organism
genotype - Answer ...
Heredity and Genetics C652 WGU Study
Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
gene - Answer a string of nucleotides within a DNA molecule that is the basic structural and functional
unit of genetics
allele - Answer this is the term for one of a number of different forms of a gene
phenotype - Answer physical characteristics of an organism
genotype - Answer genetic makeup of an organism
heterozygous - Answer this term describes an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
homozygous - Answer this term describes an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
dominant - Answer describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait
recessive - Answer an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
meiosis - Answer cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; one
diploid cell containing forty six chromosomes undergoes one round of chromosome replication and two
rounds of division to produce four haploid cells each of which contains one copy of each chromosome
Interphase - Answer this is the phase during which the chromosomes replicate
Prophase I - Answer during this phase chromosomes condense and become visible under a
microscope, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the spindle becomes organized
, Metaphase I - Answer during this phase paired homologous chromosomes line up at the equator of the
cell with each chromosome attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell
Anaphase I - Answer during this phase the paired chromatids are separated from each other and move
towards opposite sides of the cell
Telophase I - Answer during this phase the cytoplasm begins to divide resulting in two haploid cells
Prophase II - Answer during this phase the unpaired chromosomes consist of two sister chromatids
joined by a centromere
Metaphase II - Answer during this phase the twenty three unpaired chromosomes are at the equator of
the cell with spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell attached to their centromeres
Anaphase II - Answer during this phase spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart in both cells
Telophase II - Answer during this phase the chromosomes uncoil and the nuclear envelope reforms and
the cytoplasm begins to split resulting in four haploid cells
crossing over - Answer this is the process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of
their chromatids during the first prophase and metaphase in meiosis and this allows for genetic codes to
be swapped between homologous pairs of chromosomes
Principle of Segregation (Mendel's First Law) - Answer this principle states that members of a gene pair
must separate or segregate from each other during gamete formation and each gamete receives only
one of the two genes that control a particular trait
Principle of Independent Assortment - Answer this principle states that genes for different traits can
segregate independently during the formation of gametes
incomplete dominance - Answer this describes a situation in which one allele is not completely
dominant over another allele such as a red flower crossing with a white flower and producing a pink
flower
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