Pharm 01/23/24
The science of preparing drugs for administration. Nailing down dosage forms. - ✔✔What is
pharamceutics?
The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism , and elimination of drugs. - ✔✔What is
pharmacokinetics?
The study of the action or effects of drugs on living systems. What the drug does to the body. -
✔✔What is pharmacodynamics?
Replace, Interrupt, or potentiate. Drugs will typically interact with something in the body to cause the
desired effect. - ✔✔What are the main action types of drugs generally speaking?
Body systems, components, cellular level, and molecular level. - ✔✔What are the levels of drug
activity?
Production of a molecular/ cellular response to an interaction between a molecule and a receptor that
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activates the receptor
Agonist can be a drug or and endogenous ligand. - ✔✔What is agonism in receptor binding?
Increasing concentrations of the agonist will produce an increase in biologic effect up to an intrinsic
activity of 1 - ✔✔What is a full agonist?
`Production of a molecular / cellular response to an interaction between a molecule and a receptor
that activates the receptor. - ✔✔What is agonism?
Increasing concentrations of the agonist will produce an increase in the biologic effect up to an
intrinsic activity of <1 - ✔✔What is a partial agonist?
Bind of a drug to a receptor that does not activate the receptor and prevents a response to an
agonist. - ✔✔What is antagonistic receptor binding?
Block can NOT be overcome by increasing dose of the agonist. AKA irreversible agent. - ✔✔What is
non-competitive antagonism?
Buprenorphine works but is not as strong as methadone avoids respiratory depression. - ✔✔Why
would it be an advantage to give a partial agonist instead of full agonist?
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Block can be overcome by increasing dose of the agonist - ✔✔What is a competitive antagonist?
- ✔✔What is pharmacologic antagonism?`
A molecule that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but exerts the opposite pharmacological
response to that of a normal agonist.
Only occurs with receptors that have an active unbound state (constitute or basal activity). It is not
blocking activity of that receptor but it is slowing down its basal activity to have less action than
normal. - ✔✔What is an inverse agonist?
When two different molecules are activate to separate bases of receptors that have opposite effects.
For example, giving a drug that raises blood pressure by one base of receptors and giving another
drug that decreases blood pressure by activating a separate base of receptors. They are not
competing at the same receptors` - ✔✔What is an effect antagonism?
GABA receptors exhibit basal activity
There are experimental compounds that can lower your basal GABA receptor effects and instead of
having normal level of relaxation, you become more anxious - ✔✔What is an example of a receptor
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that can have an inverse and positive agonist activity?
How avidly a drug binds to a receptor
Higher affinity drugs can bump lower affinity molecules from the binding site - ✔✔What is receptor
affinity?
Relates to the amount of drug required to produce to produce an effect of a given magnitude. It has
nothing to do with the degree of effect. It is how much drug we need to give to elicit a desired effect. A
higher potency drug means that you can use less of it to get an effect that you would need a higher
dose of another less potent drug. - ✔✔What is potency?
The ability of a drug to illicit a pharmacological response. The bigger and more advantageous a
change, the more effective the drug is. - ✔✔`What is efficacy of a drug?
It has a stronger receptor affinity than all the opioid drugs and so it can bump the opioid agonists off
of the receptors and reduce the receptors activity. - ✔✔Why does Naloxone work so well to reverse
the effect of opioid drugs?
Dilaudid is nearly seven times more potent. - ✔✔Why can we give less dilaudid than morphine to
produce the same analgesic effect?
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