Exam (elaborations)
BIO206 Exam Practice Questions and Answers (Success)
- Course
- Institution
BIO206 Exam Practice Questions and Answers (Success)
[Show more]
Content preview
©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AMBIO206 Exam Practice Questions and Answers (Success)
Transcription - ✔️✔️segments of the DNA sequence are used as templates for the synthesis of
shorter molecules of the closely related polymer ribonucleic acid or DNA
Gene - ✔️✔️The segment of DNA sequence corresponding to a single protein or set of alternative
protein variants or to a single catalytic, regulatory or structural RNA molecule.
Transport protein - ✔️✔️determines which molecules enter the cell
catalytic protein - ✔️✔️determine the reactions that those molecules undergo
organotrophic - ✔️✔️organisms that feed off of other living creatures or the organic chemicals
they produce. They cannot exist without the primary energy converters (phototrophics and.
lithotrophics)
phototrophic - ✔️✔️Organisms that get their free energy from non-living world and in fact they
harvest the energy of sunlight. e.g. many types of bacteria, algae, and plants. The by-product of
their biosynthetic activities is oxygen.
Lithotrophic - ✔️✔️(Feeding on rock) mostly are found in in-obvious habitats, such as deep in the
ocean, buried in the earth's crust, or in various other inhospitable environments.
What does the tree of life consist of? - ✔️✔️Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryotes
intragenic mutation - ✔️✔️an existing gene can be randomly modified by changes in its DNA
sequence, through various types of error that occur mainly in the process of DNA replication
gene duplication - ✔️✔️an existing gene can be accidentally duplicated so as to create a pair of
initially identical genes within a single cell; these two genes may then diverge in the course of
evolution
DNA segment shuffling - ✔️✔️two or more existing genes can break and rejoin to make a hybrid
gene consisting of DNA segments that originally belonged to separate genes
Horizontal (intracellular) transfer - ✔️✔️A piece of DNA can be transferred from the genome of
one cell to that of another- even to that of another species. This process is in contrast with the
usual vertical transfer of genetic information from parent to progeny.
1
, ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AM
Orthologs - ✔️✔️genes in two separate species that derive from the same ancestral gene in the last
common ancestor of those two species
Paralogs - ✔️✔️Related genes that have resulted from a gene duplication event within a single
genome—and are likely to have diverged in their function
homologs - ✔️✔️genes that are related by descent in either way
Four types of non-covalent attractions - ✔️✔️- Electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds)
- hydrogen bonds
- Van der Waals attractions
- Hydrophobic force
Buffers - ✔️✔️Weak acids or bases that can release or take up protons near pH 7, keeping the
environment of the cell relatively constant under a variety of conditions
organic molecules - ✔️✔️the carbon compounds made by cells
4 major families of small organic molecules - ✔️✔️sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides
The major inorganic ions include - ✔️✔️Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and Cl-
condensaton - ✔️✔️addition of a monomer onto the end of a growing chain, in which one
molecule of water is lost with each subunit added
hydrolysis reaction - ✔️✔️A chemical reaction that breaks apart a larger molecule by adding a
molecule of water
The two types of nitrogen-containing ring compounds are: - ✔️✔️pyrimidines and purines
Pyrimidines - ✔️✔️cytosine, thymine, uracil
Purines - ✔️✔️Adenine and Guanine
Nucleotides are made up of - ✔️✔️a nitrogen-containing base, a five carbon sugar, and one or
more phosphate groups. Nucleotides are the subunits of the nucleic acids.
Nucleotides are abbreviated by - ✔️✔️Three capital letters. E.g. AMP(Adenosine
monophosphate), dAMP (deoxyadenosine monophosphate), UDP(Uridine diphosphate) and
ATP(Adenosine triphosphate
Nucleoside - ✔️✔️base + sugar for example, adenosine (A), guanosine (G), cytidine (C), Uridine
(U), and Thymidine (T).
How are nucleic acids formed? - ✔️✔️Phosphodiester bonds between mononucleotides
2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller OliviaWest. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now