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Bio 182 Exam 1 vocabulary Exam Questions and Answers
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Bio 182 Exam 1 vocabulary ExamQuestions and Answers
trait - -a characteristic of an organism that varies genetically
-phenotype - -a description of an organism's appearance or behavior
-mutation - -an error in the sequence of nucleotides when copying DNA
-allele - -a form of a gene that affects the way an organism looks or
behaves
-genotype - -the set of alleles that determine how an organism looks or
behaves
-locus - -a place on a chromosome where a certain gene occurs
-gene - -a linear sequences of DNA that codes for a certain protein
-meiosis - -a process in which a diploid cell produces four haploid cells
-mitosis - -a process in which a diploid cell produces two diploid cells
-chromosome - -a highly condensed molecule of DNA thatches for many
proteins
-gamete - -a haploid cell that develops into a sperm or an egg
-zygote - -the diploid cell that results from fertilization between sperm and
egg
-dominant - -when one copy of an allele determines the phenotype of an
individual
-recessive - -when two copies of an allele are needed to express a certain
phenotype
-heterozygous - -when an individual carries two different alleles for a gene
-homozygous - -when an individual carries two identical alleles for a gene
-homologous - -when two chromosomes contain the same genes
-heritable - -when the variation in a phenotype depends on genes
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