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mock exam questions Flashcards _ (Basics of Flexible Endoscope Reprocessing).pdf
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8/13/24, 4:42 AMmock exam questions
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (13)
Glutamate is a neuratranspaitter involved in it blocks the Ca2+ channels therefore Ca2+ cant move into the presynaptic knob by
the transmission of nerve impulses from pain facilitated diffusion
receptors to the brain. Ziconotide is a drug therefore vesicles containing glutamate dont merge with the presynaptic membrane
that can reduce severe, constant pain. and no glutamate is released
Ziconotide blocks the calcium ion channels no glutamate diffuses across synaptic cleft and doesnt attatcg to receptors on
at some of the synapses which use postsynaptic membrane
glutamate. Na+ dont diffuse in so post synaptic membrane isnt depolarised and so no action
The transmission of glutamate at synapses is potential fired
similar to that of acetylcholine.
Explain how ziconotide reduces severe,
constant pain.(5)
Ziconotide is a polypeptide and acts on ~it is a polypeptide therefore would be broken down by acid /proteases
synapses in the spinal cord. Scientists
investigated the effectiveness of ziconotide ~directly reaches the spinal chord
in reducing severe, constant pain.
Ziconotide was injected into each patient's ~too large to be absorbed (protein)
cerebrospinal fluid that bathes the brain and
spinal cord. Patients recorded the intensity
of their pain using a statistically valid scale
1.2 Suggest two reasons why the patients
had ziconotide injected into their
cerebrospinal fluid rather than taking a pill
containing the drug.(2)
The KRAS gene codes for a protein called K- mutation (1) in KRAS gene leads to a change in DNA base sequence (1) which leads to
Ras. The protein relays signals from outside a change in amino acid sequence (1) and uncontrolled cell division results in tumour
cell to a cell's nucleus, stimulating cell growth
division. An alteration in the KRAS gene
produces an oncogene which can cause a
tumour to develop.
Suggest and explain how an alteration in
KRAS gene can cause a tumour to develop
(3)
mock exam questions
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