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COMMUNITY HEALTH EXAM #1 TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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COMMUNITY HEALTH EXAM #1 TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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COMMUNITY HEALTH EXAM #1 TESTBANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which statement best describes community-based nursing?
A. A practice in which care is provided for individuals and families.
b. Providing care with a focus on the group's needs.
c. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate's needs.
d. A value system in which all clients receive optimal care. - Answer-ANS: A
By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-specific practice in which care is
provided for "sick" individuals and families
where they live, work, and attend school. The emphasis is on acute and chronic care
and the provision of comprehensive,
coordinated, and continuous care. These nurses may be generalists or specialists in
maternal-infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatric
mental health nursing. Community-based nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to
individuals and families, rather than
focusing on groups, aggregates, or systems
Which statement best describes the goal of community-oriented nursing?
A. Providing care to individuals and families
b. Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditions
c. Giving direct care to ill individuals within their family setting
d. To preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health and prevent disease - Answer-ANS:
D
By definition, community-oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, protecting, or
maintaining health and preventing disease to
promote the quality of life. All nurses may focus on individuals and families, give direct
care to ill persons within their family
setting, and help manage acute or chronic conditions. These definitions are not specific
to community-oriented nursing
Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
A. Families and groups
b. Illness-oriented care
c. Individuals within the family unit
d. Health care of communities and populations - Answer-ANS: D
In public health nursing, the primary focus is on the health care of communities and
populations rather than on individuals, groups,
and families. The goal is to prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and protect
health for the community and the population
within it. Community-based nurses deal primarily with illness-oriented care of individuals
and families across the life span. The
aim is to manage acute and chronic health conditions in the community, and the focus
of practice is on individual or
,family-centered illness care.
Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during
the 20th century?
a. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research
b. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures
c. Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs
d. Use of antibiotics to fight infections - Answer-ANS: C
There has to be indisputable evidence collected over time that public health policies and
programs were primarily responsible for
increasing the average life span from 47 in 1900 to 78.6 years in 2017, an increase of
approximately 60% in just over a century plus
through improvements in (1) sanitation, (2) clean water supplies, (3) making workplaces
safer, (4) improving food and drug safety,
(5) immunizing children, and (6) improving nutrition, hygiene, and housing. Although
people are excited when a new drug is
discovered that cures a disease or when a new way to transplant organs is perfected, it
is important to know about the significant
gains in the health of populations that have come largely from public health
accomplishments
A nurse is developing a plan to decrease the number of premature deaths in the
community. Which of the following interventions
would most likely be implemented by the nurse?
a. Provide free health care to all citizens
b. To increase the number of individuals with access to effective health care benefits
c. Lower the cost of health care to the American population
d. To lessen the governmental burden of providing health care to Americans - Answer-
ANS: B
The central feature in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 are
the mechanisms to increase the number of
people with health insurance. The care provided is not necessarily free. While the cost
of health care and the burden it places on the
American government are serious concerns, they are not the primary focus of ACA
What is the basic assumption stated by Healthy People 2010 as it relates to public
health efforts?
a. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
c. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
d. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans - Answer-
ANS: C
The major premise of Healthy People 2010 was that the health of the individual cannot
be entirely separate from the health of the
larger community. Public health practice focuses on the community as a whole, and the
effect of the community's health status
,(resources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups. The goal is to prevent
disease and disability and promote and protect
the health of the community as a whole. Public health can be described as what society
collectively does to ensure that conditions
exist in which people can be healthy. The basic assumptions of public health do not
judge the morality of health disparities. The
focus is on prevention of illness not on spending more on illness care. Additionally,
individual responsibility for making healthy
choices is the directive for lengthening life span not the role of the government
Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nurse?
a. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen
b. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions
c. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine
needed health services
d. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment -
Answer-ANS: D
Although the public health nurse might engage in any of the tasks listed, he or she
works primarily with members of the community
to carry out core public health functions, including assessment of the population as a
whole and engaging in promoting health and
improving the environment. The interventions of asking community leaders which
interventions should be chosen, assessing the
community and deciding on appropriate interventions, and using data from health care
institutions do not demonstrate the
engagement of the community when making decisions about what the community
actually wants and needs
Which public health nurse most clearly fulfills the responsibilities of this role?
a. The nurse who met with several groups to discuss community recreation issues
b. The nurse who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies
c. The nurse who talked to several people about their particular health concerns
d. The nurse who watched the city council meeting on local cable television - Answer-
ANS: B
Any of these descriptions might represent a nurse communicating, cooperating, or
collaborating with community residents or
groups about health concerns. A major challenge for the future is the need for public
health nursing specialists to be more
aggressive in working collaboratively with various groups in the community as well as
professional colleagues in institutional
settings to deal with barriers to health. However, the nurse who spent the day attending
meetings of various health agencies is the
most representative, because in public health, concerns are addressed from a broader
perspective. In public health, broad concerns
of the community should be addressed. Concerns are broader than recreation,
individual concerns are not as important as aggregate
, priorities, and watching television (a one-way form of communication) is less effective
than interacting with others.
Which of the following best defines aggregate?
a. A large group of persons
b. A collection of individuals and families
c. A collection of people who share one or more characteristics
d. Another name for demographic group - Answer-ANS: C
An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more personal or
environmental characteristics. Members of a
community can be defined in terms of either geography (e.g., a county, a group of
counties, or a state) or a special interest (e.g.,
children attending a particular school). These members make up a population. The term
population may be used interchangeably
with the term aggregate. A large group of persons, a collection of individuals and
families, and another name for demographic
group are not accurate definitions of the term aggregate.
Which question asked by a novice nurse would be the most reflective of an
understanding of the role of a public health nurse?
a. "Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?"
b. "Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?"
c. "With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?"
d. "With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?" - Answer-ANS: A
Asking which groups are at greatest risk reflects a community-oriented perspective. The
incorrect responses reflect a focus on
individuals rather than a community-oriented perspecti
Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available defines
which of the core public health functions?
a. Policy development
b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific knowledge-based care - Answer-ANS: C
Assurance includes making sure that essential community-oriented health services are
available in the community. The definition
does not fit the terms assessment, policy development. Scientific knowledge-based care
is not a core function of public health.
Assessment is systematic data collection on the population, monitoring the population's
health status, and making information
available about the health of the community. Policy development refers to efforts to
develop policies that support the health of the
population, including using a scientific knowledge base to make policy decisions
When talking to a women's group at the senior citizens' center, the nurse reminded
them that the only way the center would be able
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