Causes of sinus bradycardia - Answer-Vagal stimulation, sleep apnea, hyperkalemia,
increased ICP, hypothermia, SA node damage, drugs
Sinus arrhythmia - Answer-A sinus rhythm in which the rate varies with respiration
causing an irregular rhythm
Sinus arrest/pause - Answer-Basic rhythm regular; length of pause is not a multiple
Causes: increased vagal tone, myocarditis, MI, digitalis toxicity
Premature atrial contractions - Answer-P wave morphology altered; irregular rhythm
Causes: can occur in a normal heart, CHF, ischemia, COPD
Non-conducting PACs - Answer-P wave without a QRS; different morphology
Supraventricular Tachycardia - Answer-150-250 bpm, regular rhythm, originates from a
location above AV node, will start and stop w/o cause
Causes: mitral valve prolapse, cor pulmonale, digitalis toxicity, and rheumatic heart
disease
Treatment: ADENOSINE
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